LM48510SDX/NOPB National Semiconductor, LM48510SDX/NOPB Datasheet - Page 11

• Manufacturer Part Number: LM48510SDX/NOPB
• Description: IC AMP AUDIO PWR 1.9W MONO 16LLP
• Manufacturer: National Semiconductor
• Series: Boomer®, PowerWise®r
• Type: Class Dr

Specifications of LM48510SDX/NOPB

• Output Type: 1-Channel (Mono)
• Max Output Power X Channels @ Load: 1.9W x 1 @ 4 Ohm
• Voltage - Supply: 2.7 V ~ 5 V
• Features: Depop, Differential Inputs, PWM, Short-Circuit and Thermal Protection, Shutdown
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 16-LLP
• For Use With: LM48510SDBD - BOARD EVALUATION LM48510SD
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant
• Other names: LM48510SDX

est resonance frequency, which makes them optimum for
high frequency switching converters.
When selecting a ceramic capacitor, only X5R and X7R di-
electric types should be used. Other types such as Z5U and
Y5F have such severe loss of capacitance due to effects of
temperature variation and applied voltage, they may provide
as little as 20% of rated capacitance in many typical applica-
tions. Always consult capacitor manufacturer’s data curves
before selecting a capacitor. High-quality ceramic capacitors
can be obtained from Taiyo-Yuden, AVX, and Murata.
The gain of the amplifier is set by the external resistors, Ri in
Figure 1. The gain is given by Equation (3) below. Best THD
+N performance is achieved with a gain of 2V/V (6dB).
It is recommended that resistors with 1% tolerance or better
be used to set the gain of the amplifier. The Ri resistors should
be placed close to the input pins of the amplifier. Keeping the
input traces close to each other and of the same length in a
high noise environment will aid in noise rejection due to the
good CMRR of the Class D. Noise coupled onto input traces
which are physically close to each other will be common mode
and easily rejected by the amplifier.
Input capacitors may be needed for some applications or
when the source is single-ended (see Figure1). Input capac-
itors are needed to block any DC voltage at the source so that
the DC voltage seen between the input terminals of the Class
D is 0V. Input capacitors create a high-pass filter with the input
resistors, R
using Equation (4) below.
The input capacitors may also be used to remove low audio
frequencies. Small speakers cannot reproduce low bass fre-
quencies so filtering may be desired . When the Class D is
using a single-ended source, power supply noise on the
ground is seen as an input signal by the +IN input pin that is
capacitor coupled to ground. Setting the high-pass filter point
above the power supply noise frequencies, 217Hz in a GSM
phone, for example, will filter out this noise so it is not ampli-
fied and heard on the output. Capacitors with a tolerance of
10% or better are recommended for impedance matching.
POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING FOR AMPLIFIER
As with any amplifier, proper supply bypassing is critical for
low noise performance and high power supply rejection. The
capacitor (Cs2, see Figure 1) location on both PV
should be as close to the device as possible.
SELECTING INPUT CAPACITOR FOR AUDIO AMPLIFIER
One of the major considerations is the closedloop bandwidth
of the amplifier. To a large extent, the bandwidth is dictated
by the choice of external components shown in Figure 1. The
input coupling capacitor, C
which limits low frequency response. This value should be
chosen based on needed frequency response for a few dis-
tinct reasons.
High value input capacitors are both expensive and space
hungry in portable designs. Clearly, a certain value capacitor
is needed to couple in low frequencies without severe atten-
uation. But ceramic speakers used in portable systems,
whether internal or external, have little ability to reproduce
i
. The –3dB point of the high-pass filter is found
A
V
f
C
= 2 * 150kΩ / R
= 1 / (2πR
i
, forms a first order high pass filter
i
C
i
) (Hz)
i
(V/V)
1
and V
1
pin
(3)
(4)
11
signals below 100Hz to 150Hz. Thus, using a high value input
capacitor may not increase actual system performance.
In addition to system cost and size, click and pop performance
is affected by the value of the input coupling capacitor, C
high value input coupling capacitor requires more charge to
reach its quiescent DC voltage (nominally 1/2 V
charge comes from the output via the feedback and is apt to
create pops upon device enable. Thus, by minimizing the ca-
pacitor value based on desired low frequency response, turn-
on pops can be minimized.
SELECTING OUTPUT CAPACITOR (C
CONVERTER
A single 4.7µF to 10µF ceramic capacitor will provide suffi-
cient output capacitance for most applications. If larger
amounts of capacitance are desired for improved line support
and transient response, tantalum capacitors can be used.
Aluminum electrolytics with ultra low ESR such as Sanyo Os-
con can be used, but are usually prohibitively expensive.
Typical electrolytic capacitors are not suitable for switching
frequencies above 500 kHz because of significant ringing and
temperature rise due to self-heating from ripple current. An
output capacitor with excessive ESR can also reduce phase
margin and cause instability.
In general, if electrolytics are used, it is recommended that
they be paralleled with ceramic capacitors to reduce ringing,
switching losses, and output voltage ripple.
SELECTING INPUT CAPACITOR (Cs1) FOR BOOST
CONVERTER
An input capacitor is required to serve as an energy reservoir
for the current which must flow into the coil each time the
switch turns ON. This capacitor must have extremely low
ESR, so ceramic is the best choice. A nominal value of 4.7µF
is recommended, but larger values can be used. Since this
capacitor reduces the amount of voltage ripple seen at the
input pin, it also reduces the amount of EMI passed back
along that line to other circuitry.
SETTING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V
CONVERTER
The output voltage is set using the external resistors R1 and
R2 (see Figure 1). A value of approximately 13.3kΩ is rec-
ommended for R2 to establish a divider current of approxi-
mately 92µA. R1 is calculated using the formula:
FEED-FORWARD COMPENSATION FOR BOOST
CONVERTER
Although the LM48510's internal Boost converter is internally
compensated, the external feed-forward capacitor C
quired for stability (see Figure 1). Adding this capacitor puts
a zero in the loop response of the converter. The recom-
mended frequency for the zero fz should be approximately
6kHz. C
SELECTING DIODES FOR BOOST
The external diode used in Figure 1 should be a Schottky
diode. A 20V diode such as the MBR0520 is recommended.
f1
can be calculated using the formula:
R1 = R2 X (V
C
f1
= 1 / (2π X R1 X fz)
1
/1.23 − 1)
1
O
) OF BOOST
) FOR BOOST
www.national.com
DD
f1
). This
is re-
i
. A
(5)
(6)