TOP234P Power Integrations, TOP234P Datasheet - Page 5

IC OFFLINE SWIT OVP UVLO 8DIP

TOP234P

Manufacturer Part Number
TOP234P
Description
IC OFFLINE SWIT OVP UVLO 8DIP
Manufacturer
Power Integrations
Series
TOPSwitch®-FXr
Type
Off Line Switcherr
Datasheet

Specifications of TOP234P

Output Isolation
Isolated
Frequency Range
66 ~ 132kHz
Voltage - Output
700V
Power (watts)
30W
Operating Temperature
-40°C ~ 150°C
Package / Case
8-DIP (0.300", 7.62mm), 7 Leads
Output Voltage
12 V
Input / Supply Voltage (max)
265 VAC
Input / Supply Voltage (min)
85 VAC
Duty Cycle (max)
78 %
Switching Frequency
132 KHz
Supply Current
1.5 mA
Operating Temperature Range
- 40 C to + 150 C
Mounting Style
Through Hole
Lead Free Status / RoHS Status
Contains lead / RoHS non-compliant

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CONTROL pin current, before the CONTROL pin voltage has
had a chance to discharge to the lower threshold voltage of
approximately 4.8 V (internal supply under-voltage lockout
threshold). When the externally fed current charges the
CONTROL pin to the shunt regulator voltage of 5.8 V, current
in excess of the consumption of the chip is shunted to SOURCE
through resistor R
through R
provide closed loop regulation. The shunt regulator has a finite
low output impedance Z
when used in a primary feedback configuration. The dynamic
impedance Z
CONTROL pin capacitance sets the dominant pole for the
control loop.
When a fault condition such as an open loop or shorted output
prevents the flow of an external current into the CONTROL pin,
the capacitor on the CONTROL pin discharges towards 4.8 V.
At 4.8 V auto-restart is activated which turns the output MOSFET
off and puts the control circuitry in a low current standby mode.
The high-voltage current source turns on and charges the
external capacitance again. A hysteretic internal supply under-
voltage comparator keeps V
to 5.8 V by turning the high-voltage current source on and off
as shown in Figure 5. The auto-restart circuit has a divide-by-
8 counter which prevents the output MOSFET from turning on
again until eight discharge/charge cycles have elapsed. This is
accomplished by enabling the output MOSFET only when the
divide-by-8 counter reaches full count (S7). The counter
effectively limits TOPSwitch-FX power dissipation by reducing
the auto-restart duty cycle to typically 4%. Auto-restart mode
continues until output voltage regulation is again achieved
through closure of the feedback loop.
Figure 5. Typical Waveforms for (1) Power Up (2) Normal Operation (3) Auto-restart (4) Power Down .
V
V
V
Note: S0 through S7 are the output states of the auto-restart counter
LINE
C
DRAIN
V
0 V
0 V
0 V
0 V
OUT
E
controls the duty cycle of the power MOSFET to
C
V
of the CONTROL pin together with the external
UV
E
1
as shown in Figure 2. This current flowing
S7
C
that sets the gain of the error amplifier
C
S0
2
within a window of typically 4.8
S1
S2
S6
S7
3
S0
S1
S2
Oscillator and Switching Frequency
The internal oscillator linearly charges and discharges an internal
capacitance between two voltage levels to create a sawtooth
waveform for the pulse width modulator. The oscillator sets the
pulse width modulator/current limit latch at the beginning of
each cycle.
The nominal switching frequency of 132 kHz was chosen to
minimize transformer size while keeping the fundamental EMI
frequency below 150 kHz. The FREQUENCY pin (available
only in TO-220 package), when shorted to the CONTROL pin,
lowers the switching frequency to 66 kHz (half frequency)
which may be preferable in some cases such as noise sensitive
video applications or a high efficiency standby mode. Otherwise,
the FREQUENCY pin should be connected to the SOURCE pin
for the default 132 kHz. Trimming of the current reference
improves oscillator frequency accuracy.
To further reduce the EMI level, the switching frequency is
jittered (frequency modulated) by approximately ±4 kHz at
250 Hz (typical) rate as shown in Figure 6. Figure 28 shows the
typical improvement of EMI measurements with frequency
jitter.
Pulse Width Modulator and Maximum Duty Cycle
The pulse width modulator implements voltage mode control
by driving the output MOSFET with a duty cycle inversely
proportional to the current into the CONTROL pin that is in
excess of the internal supply current of the chip (see Figure 4).
The excess current is the feedback error signal that appears
across R
network with a typical corner frequency of 7 kHz to reduce the
effect of switching noise in the chip supply current generated by
S6
S7
E
(see Figure 2). This signal is filtered by an RC
2
S0
S1
S2
4
S6
TOP232-234
S7
S7
4.8 V
PI-2545-082299
7/01
5.8 V
B
5

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