MAX630EJA MAXIM [Maxim Integrated Products], MAX630EJA Datasheet - Page 4

• Manufacturer Part Number: MAX630EJA
• Description: CMOS Micropower Step-Up Switching Regulator
• Manufacturer: MAXIM [Maxim Integrated Products]

CMOS Micropower Step-Up
Switching Regulator
The operation of the MAX630 can best be understood
by examining the voltage regulating loop of Figure 1.
R1 and R2 divide the output voltage, which is com-
pared with the 1.3V internal reference by comparator
COMP1. When the output voltage is lower than desired,
the comparator output goes high and the oscillator out-
put pulses are passed through the NOR gate latch,
turning on the output N-channel MOSFET at pin 3, L
As long as the output voltage is less than the desired
voltage, pin 3 drives the inductor with a series of pulses
at the oscillator frequency.
Each time the output N-channel MOSFET is turned on,
the current through the external coil, L1, increases,
storing energy in the coil. Each time the output turns off,
the voltage across the coil reverses sign and the volt-
age at L
biased, delivering power to the output.
When the output voltage reaches the desired level,
1.31V x (1 + R1 / R2), the comparator output goes low
and the inductor is no longer pulsed. Current is then
supplied by the filter capacitor, C1, until the output volt-
age drops below the threshold, and once again L
switched on, repeating the cycle. The average duty
cycle at L
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
PIN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
X
X
rises until the catch diode, D1, is forward
is directly proportional to the output current.
NAME
GND
LBD
LBR
+V
V
C
L
I
C
FB
X
X
S
Detailed Description
Low-Battery Detection Comparator Input. The LBD output, pin 8, sinks current whenever this pin is
below the low-battery detector threshold, typically 1.31V.
An external capacitor connected between this terminal and ground sets the oscillator frequency.
47pF = 40 kHz.
This pin drives the external inductor. The internal N-channel MOSFET that drives L
resistance of 4Ω and a peak current rating of 525mA.
Ground
The positive supply voltage, from 2.0V to 16.5V (MAX630).
The MAX630/MAX4193 shut down when this pin is left floating or is driven below 0.2V. For normal
operation, connect I
connected to +V
The output voltage is set by an external resistive divider connected from the converter output to V
and ground. The MAX630/MAX4193 pulse the L
than 1.31V.
The Low-Battery Detector output is an open-drain N-channel MOSFET that sinks up to 600μA (typ)
whenever the LBR input, pin 1, is below 1.31V.
S
. The supply current is typically 10nA in the shutdown mode
C
directly to +V
X
X
is
.
S
or drive it high with either a CMOS gate or pullup resistor
The MAX630/MAX4193 output device is a large
N-channel MOSFET with an on-resistance of 4Ω and a
peak current rating of 525mA. One well-known advan-
tage that MOSFETs have over bipolar transistors in
switching applications is higher speed, which reduces
switching losses and allows the use of smaller, lighter,
less costly magnetic components. Also important is that
MOSFETs, unlike bipolar transistors, do not require
base current that, in low-power DC-DC converters,
often accounts for a major portion of input power.
The operating current of the MAX630 and MAX4193
increases by approximately 1µA/kHz at maximum
power output due to the charging current required by
the gate capacitance of the L
increase at a 40kHz operating frequency). In compari-
son, equivalent bipolar circuits typically drive their NPN
L
bipolar circuit’s operating current to increase by a fac-
tor of 10 between no load and full load.
The oscillator frequency is set by a single external, low-
cost ceramic capacitor connected to pin 2, C
sets the oscillator to 40kHz, a reasonable compromise
between lower switching losses at low frequencies and
reduced inductor size at higher frequencies.
X
output device with 2mA of base drive, causing the
FUNCTION
X
output whenever the voltage at this terminal is less
Output Driver (L
X
Pin Description
output driver (e.g., 40µA
X
has an output
Oscillator
X
X
. 47pF
FB
Pin)