LM324-LM324A ON Semiconductor, LM324-LM324A Datasheet - Page 9

• Manufacturer Part Number: LM324-LM324A
• Description: Single Supply Quad Operational Amplifier
• Manufacturer: ON Semiconductor

V
V
ref
ref
=
1
2
V
CC
LM324
+
−
1/4
Figure 16. Function Generator
f =
Triangle Wave
C
Output
4 CR
R1 + R
f
R1
R
C
f
75 k
V
if
ref
R3
100 k
R3 =
R1
R2 + R1
R2 R1
LM324
+
−
300 k
R2
1/4
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Square
Wave
Output
9
V
in
Figure 17. Multiple Feedback Bandpass Filter
Given: f
Choose value f
Then:
For less than 10% error from operational amplifier,
where f
If source impedance varies, filter may be preceded with
voltage follower buffer to stabilize filter parameters.
R1
A(f
o
o
and BW are expressed in Hz.
o
R3 =
R1 =
R2 =
) = gain at center frequency
R2
= center frequency
C
o
4Q
, C
p f
2 A(f
C
R3
Q
2
o
R1 R3
R1 − R3
C
o
)
R3
V
ref
−
LM324
+
1/4
V
CC
V
ref
=
1
2
V
CC
Q
BW
o
CO = 10 C
C
f
o
O
< 0.1
V
O