TOP232-234 Power Integrations Inc., TOP232-234 Datasheet
TOP232-234
Related parts for TOP232-234
TOP232-234 Summary of contents
Page 1
... TOP232-234 TOPSwitch-FX Family Design Flexible, EcoSmart Off-line Switcher Product Highlights Lower System Cost, High Design Flexibility • Features eliminate or reduce cost of external components • Fully integrated soft-start for minimum stress/overshoot • Externally settable accurate current limit • Wider duty cycle for more power, smaller input capacitor • ...
Page 2
... TOP232-234 Pin Functional Description ......................................................................................................................................... 3 TOPSwitch-FX Family Functional Description ......................................................................................................... 4 CONTROL (C) Pin Operation ................................................................................................................................. 4 Oscillator and Switching Frequency ....................................................................................................................... 5 Pulse Width Modulator and Maximum Duty Cycle ................................................................................................. 5 Minimum Duty Cycle and Cycle Skipping ............................................................................................................... 6 Error Amplifier ......................................................................................................................................................... 6 On-chip Current Limit with External Programability ................................................................................................ 6 Line Under-Voltage Detection (UV) ........................................................................................................................ 6 Line Overvoltage Shutdown (OV) ........................................................................................................................... 7 ...
Page 3
... The switching frequency is internally set for 132 kHz only operation in P and G packages. SOURCE (S) Pin: Output MOSFET source connection for high voltage power return. Primary side control circuit common and reference point. Connected to SOURCE Pin reduction, MAX Figure 3. Pin Configuration. TOP232-234 DRAIN (D) INTERNAL SUPPLY - + CURRENT LIMIT COMPARATOR CONTROLLED ...
Page 4
... TOP232-234 TOPSwitch-FX Family Functional Description Like TOPSwitch, TOPSwitch- integrated switched mode power supply chip that converts a current at the control input to a duty cycle at the open drain output of a high voltage power MOSFET. During normal operation the duty cycle of the power MOSFET decreases linearly with increasing CONTROL pin current as shown in Figure 4 ...
Page 5
... The excess current is the feedback error signal that appears across R (see Figure 2). This signal is filtered network with a typical corner frequency of 7 kHz to reduce the effect of switching noise in the chip supply current generated TOP232-234 4 5.8 V PI-2545-082299 B 5 7/01 ...
Page 6
... TOP232-234 the MOSFET gate driver. The filtered error signal is compared with the internal oscillator sawtooth waveform to generate the duty cycle waveform. As the control current increases, the duty cycle decreases. A clock signal from the oscillator sets a latch which turns on the output MOSFET. The pulse width modulator resets the latch, turning off the output MOSFET ...
Page 7
... When the signal at the MULTI-FUNCTION pin changes state from disable to enable, the internal oscillator starts the next switching cycle. This approach allows the use of this pin to synchronize TOPSwitch-FX to any external signal with a frequency lower than its internal switching frequency. TOP232-234 is MAX Time PI-2558-092999 ...
Page 8
... TOP232-234 As seen above, the remote ON/OFF feature allows the TOPSwitch- turned on and off instantly cycle-by- cycle basis, with very little delay. However, remote ON/OFF can also be used as a standby or power switch to turn off the TOPSwitch-FX and keep very low power consumption state for indefinitely long periods ...
Page 9
... MULTI-FUNCTION PIN TABLE ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ TOP232-234 (+50 µA typical) UV (+225 µA typical). Between +50 µA and OV reduction, the vertical axis MAX and DC . Line feed LIMIT MAX reduction lowers maximum duty cycle from MAX (+90 µA typical (+225 µ ...
Page 10
... TOP232-234 (Enabled) Output MOSFET Switching (Disabled) I (Default) LIMIT Current Limit DC (78.5%) MAX Maximum Duty Cycle MULTI FUNCTION Pin Voltage -250 -200 -150 Note: This figure provides idealized functional characteristics of the MULTI-FUNCTION pin with typical performance values. Please refer to the parametric table and typical performance characteristics sections of the data sheet for measured data. ...
Page 11
... Figure 12. Half Frequency Standby Mode (For High Standby Input Voltage C PI-2505-081199 Figure 11. Half Frequency Operation (66 kHz can be an optocoupler output Input CONTROL Voltage kΩ Efficiency). TOP232-234 + DC D CONTROL STANDBY 47 kΩ S PI-2507-040401 PI-2506-081199 B 11 7/01 ...
Page 12
... TOP232-234 Typical Uses of MULTI-FUNCTION (M) Pin + DC Input Voltage D M CONTROL S - Figure 13. Three Terminal Operation (MULTI-FUNCTION Features Disabled. FREQUENCY Pin Tied to SOURCE or CONTROL Pin MΩ kΩ Input Voltage D M CONTROL C 6 Figure 15. Line Sensing for Under-Voltage Only (Overvoltage Disabled). + For R For R ...
Page 13
... Figure 22. Active-off Remote ON/OFF with Externally Set Current Q can be an optocoupler + R output or can be replaced by a manual switch MΩ ON/OFF 47 kΩ CONTROL TOP232-234 Q can be an optocoupler R output or can be replaced by a manual switch ON/OFF R 47 kΩ kΩ CONTROL can be an optocoupler ...
Page 14
... TOP232-234 Application Examples A High Efficiency Universal Input Power Supply The circuit shown in Figure 24 takes advantage of several of the TOPSwitch-FX features to reduce system cost and power supply size and to improve efficiency. This design delivers from 265 VAC input ambient of 50 ˚ open frame configuration ...
Page 15
... D12 R12 10 V 1N5819 5 Ω D2 1N4148 R1 2 MΩ 100 nF TOPSwitch- 6.8 Ω µF 22 µF TOP232-234 C11 1 µF L2 3.3 µ C13 100 µF L3 3.3 µ C15 100 µ 3.3 µH C17 100 µ C19 VR2 100 µF 1N5231 ...
Page 16
... TOP232-234 Standby Power Supply Figure 26 shows standby application with 3.3 V and 5 V secondary outputs and primary output. The supply uses the TOP232 operating from 230 VAC or 100/115 VAC with doubler input. This design takes advantage of the soft- start, line under-voltage detect, tighter current limit variation and higher switching frequency features of TOPSwitch-FX ...
Page 17
... Peripherals are usually designed to turn off automatically if they are not being used for a period of time, to save power kΩ TOPSwitch- µ TOP232-234 may be needed to prevent noise coupling to the pin M External Wake-up Signal Power Supply MICRO 100 kΩ ON/OFF ...
Page 18
... TOP232-234 In addition to using a minimum number of components, TOPSwitch-FX provides many technical advantages in this type of application: 1. Extremely low power consumption in the off mode typical at 110 VAC and 160 mW typical at 230 VAC. This is because in the remote/off mode the TOPSwitch-FX consumes very little power, and the external circuitry does not consume any current (M pin is open) from the high voltage DC input ...
Page 19
... Allows for higher efficiency in standby mode • Lower EMI (second harmonic below 150 kHz) ±4 kHz@132 kHz 6, 28 • Reduces conducted EMI ±2 kHz@66 kHz At DC (1.5%) 4 • Zero load regulation without dummy MIN load • Low power consumption at no load TOP232-234 ) 7/01 ...
Page 20
... TOP232-234 Function TOPSwitch-II Remote ON/OFF N/A* Synchronization N/A* Thermal Shutdown Latched Current Limit Tolerance ±10% (@25 °C) -8% (0 °C to100 °C) -4% (0 °C to 100 °C) DRAIN DIP 0.037" / 0.94 mm Creepage at SMD 0.037" / 0.94 mm Package TO-220 0.046" / 1.17 mm DRAIN Creepage at 0.045" / 1.14 mm PCB for TO-220 *Not available Table 3 (cont). Comparison Between TOPSwitch-II and TOPSwitch-FX. ...
Page 21
... Frequency (MHz) Figure 28. (a) Conducted noise improvement for low frequency harmonics due to jitter, (b) TOPSwitch-II full range EMI scan (100kHz, no jitter), (c) TOPSwitch-FX full range EMI scan (132 kHz, with jitter) with identical circuitry and conditions. TOP232-234 Average Quasi-Peak 3rd 4th 5th (a) VFG243B (QP) ...
Page 22
... TOP232-234 + J1 Input Filter Capacitor TOP VIEW M R1 Figure 29. Layout Considerations for TOPSwitch-FX using DIP or SMD (Using Line Sensing for Under-Voltage and Overvoltage Input Filter Capacitor Heat Sink TOP VIEW TOPSwitch-FX Figure 30. Layout Considerations for TOPSwitch-FX using TO-220 Package (Using Current Limit Reduction with Line Voltage). ...
Page 23
... DS(ON) maximum specification. Design Tools 1. Technical literature: Data Sheet, Application Notes, Design Ideas, etc. 2. Transformer design spreadsheet. 3. Engineering prototype boards date information on design tools can be found at Power Integrations Web site: www.powerint.com TOP232-234 does not DS of TOPSwitch- 7/01 ...
Page 24
... TOP232-234 DRAIN Voltage ............................................ -0.3 to 700 V DRAIN Peak Current: TOP232 ................................. 0.8 A TOP233 ................................. 1.6 A TOP234 ................................. 2.4 A CONTROL Voltage .......................................... -0 CONTROL Current ...............................................100 mA MULTI-FUNCTION Pin Voltage .................... -0 FREQUENCY Pin Voltage ............................... -0 Thermal Impedance: Y Package (θ (θ P/G Package: ) ........ 45 °C/W (θ JA .......................... 11 °C/W (5) (θ Parameter Symbol CONTROL FUNCTIONS Switching Frequency ...
Page 25
... See Figure 34 = -40 to 125 °C ; SOURCE = See Note A See Figure ° ° mA See Figure ° See Note A TOP232-234 Min Typ Max Units - 0.01 %/mA/°C mA 1.2 1.9 2.8 5.9 7.5 mA Ω 0.18 %/°C 7 kHz -5.0 -3.8 -2.6 mA -3.0 -1 ...
Page 26
... TOP232-234 Parameter Symbol MULTI-FUNCTION INPUT Line Under-Voltage l Threshold Current UV Line Over-Voltage or Remote ON/ I OFF Threshold OV Current and Hysteresis Remote ON/OFF Negative Threshold I REM (N) Current and Hysteresis MULTI-FUNCTION I Pin Short Circuit M (SC) Current MULTI-FUNCTION V Pin Voltage M Maximum Duty Cycle Reduction I M (DC) ...
Page 27
... TOP232 100 ° °C T TOP233 100 mA = 100 ° °C T TOP234 J = 100 ° 150 TOP232-234 Min Typ Max Units 1.0 2 µ 0.465 0.500 0.535 A 0.930 1.000 1.070 1.395 1.500 1.605 0. LIMIT(MIN ...
Page 28
... TOP232-234 Parameter Symbol OUTPUT (cont.) Off-State I Current DSS Breakdown BV Voltage DSS Rise t Time R Fall t Time F SUPPLY VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS DRAIN Supply Voltage Shunt Regulator V Voltage C(SHUNT) Shunt Regulator Temperature Drift l CD1 Control Supply/ Discharge Current l CD2 NOTES: A. For specifications with negative values, a negative temperature coefficient corresponds to an increase in magnitude with increasing temperature, and a positive temperature coefficient corresponds to a decrease in magnitude with increasing temperature ...
Page 29
... Figure 34. TOPSwitch-FX General Test Circuit 90% DRAIN 10 Figure 33. Drain Current Operating Envelope. 470 Ω 100 kΩ 5-50 V 0-60 kΩ µF 0.1 µF TOP232-234 90 PI-2039-033001 t LEB (Blanking Time) 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 I INIT(MIN VAC 0.7 I INIT(MIN) @ 265 VAC 0.6 0.5 0.4 I LIMIT(MAX °C I LIMIT(MIN ° ...
Page 30
... TOP232-234 BENCH TEST PRECAUTIONS FOR EVALUATION OF ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The following precautions should be followed when testing TOPSwitch-FX by itself outside of a power supply. The schematic shown in Figure 34 is suggested for laboratory testing of TOPSwitch-FX. When the DRAIN pin supply is turned on, the part will be in the auto-restart mode ...
Page 31
... Junction Temperature (°C) OVER-VOLTAGE THRESHOLD vs. TEMPERATURE 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -50 - 100 125 150 Junction Temperature (°C) TOP232-234 FREQUENCY vs. TEMPERATURE 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -50 - 100 125 150 Junction Temperature (°C) EXTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT vs. TEMPERATURE with kΩ IL 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 Scaling Factors: TOP234 1 ...
Page 32
... TOP232-234 Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.) MULTI-FUNCTION PIN VOLTAGE vs. CURRENT See 1 Expanded Version 0 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 MULTI-FUNCTION Pin Current (µA) CONTROL CURRENT at START of CYCLE SKIPPING vs. TEMPERATURE 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -50 - 100 125 150 Junction Temperature (°C) OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS 1 ...
Page 33
... Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.) C OSS vs. DRAIN VOLTAGE 1000 100 10 0 200 DRAIN Voltage (V) DRAIN CAPACITANCE POWER (132 kHz) Scaling Factors: TOP234 1.00 TOP233 0.67 TOP232 0.33 400 600 TOP232-234 Scaling Factors: 300 TOP234 1.00 TOP233 0.67 TOP232 0.33 200 100 0 0 200 400 DRAIN Voltage (V) 600 B 33 ...
Page 34
... TOP232-234 .400 (10.16) .146 (3.71) .415 (10.54) .156 (3.96) + .860 (21.84) .880 (22.35) PIN 1 .050 (1.27) BSC .150 (3.81) BSC .050 (1.27) .050 (1.27) .050 (1.27) .200 (5.08) PIN 1 .150 (3.81) Y07B MOUNTING HOLE PATTERN B 34 7/01 TO-220-7B .108 (2.74) REF .467 (11.86) .487 (12.37) .028 (.71) .010 (.25) M .032 (.81) .015 (.38) .020 (.51) Notes: 1. Controlling dimensions are inches. Millimeter .050 (1.27) 2 ...
Page 35
... Solder Pad Dimensions .057 (1.45) .063 (1.60) (NOTE 5) .004 (.10) .009 (.23) .004 (.10) .036 (0.91) .012 (.30) .044 (1.12) TOP232-234 P08B PI-2551-033001 Notes: 1. Controlling dimensions are inches. Millimeter sizes are shown in parentheses. 2. Dimensions shown do not include mold flash or other protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .006 (.15) on any side. ...
Page 36
... TOP232-234 Revision Notes - A 1) Corrected rounding of operating frequency (132/66 kHz Corrected spelling. 3) Corrected Storage Temperature θ For the latest updates, visit our Web site: www.powerint.com Power Integrations reserves the right to make changes to its products at any time to improve reliability or manufacturability. Power Integrations does not assume any liability arising from the use of any device or circuit described herein, nor does it convey any license under its patent rights or the rights of others ...