LTC3405 Linear Technology, LTC3405 Datasheet - Page 7

• Manufacturer Part Number: LTC3405
• Description: Dual DC/DC Converter with USB Power Manager and Li-Ion Battery Charger
• Manufacturer: Linear Technology

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OPERATIO
Comparator OVDET guards against transient overshoots
> 6.25% by turning the main switch off and keeping it off
until the fault is removed.
Burst Mode Operation
The LTC3405 is capable of Burst Mode operation in which
the internal power MOSFETs operate intermittently based
on load demand. To enable Burst Mode operation, simply
connect the MODE pin to GND. To disable Burst Mode
operation and enable PWM pulse skipping mode, connect
the MODE pin to V
1.5V). In this mode, the efficiency is lower at light loads,
but becomes comparable to Burst Mode operation when
the output load exceeds 25mA. The advantage of pulse
skipping mode is lower output ripple and less interference
to audio circuitry.
When the converter is in Burst Mode operation, the peak
current of the inductor is set to approximately 100mA re-
gardless of the output load. Each burst event can last from
a few cycles at light loads to almost continuously cycling
with short sleep intervals at moderate loads. In between
these burst events, the power MOSFETs and any unneeded
circuitry are turned off, reducing the quiescent current to
20 A. In this sleep state, the load current is being supplied
solely from the output capacitor. As the output voltage
droops, the EA amplifier’s output rises above the sleep
threshold signaling the BURST comparator to trip and turn
the top MOSFET on. This process repeats at a rate that is
dependent on the load demand.
Short-Circuit Protection
When the output is shorted to ground, the frequency of the
oscillator is reduced to about 210kHz, 1/7 the nominal
frequency. This frequency foldback ensures that the in-
ductor current has more time to decay, thereby preventing
runaway. The oscillator’s frequency will progressively
increase to 1.5MHz when V
Dropout Operation
As the input supply voltage decreases to a value approach-
ing the output voltage, the duty cycle increases toward the
maximum on-time. Further reduction of the supply voltage
forces the main switch to remain on for more than one cycle
U
IN
or drive it with a logic high (V
(Refer to Functional Diagram)
FB
rises above 0V.
MODE
>
until it reaches 100% duty cycle. The output voltage will then
be determined by the input voltage minus the voltage drop
across the P-channel MOSFET and the inductor.
Another important detail to remember is that at low input
supply voltages, the R
increases (see Typical Performance Characteristics). There-
fore, the user should calculate the power dissipation when
the LTC3405 is used at 100% duty cycle with low input
voltage (See Thermal Considerations in the Applications
Information section).
Low Supply Operation
The LTC3405 will operate with input supply voltages as
low as 2.5V, but the maximum allowable output current is
reduced at this low voltage. Figure 2 shows the reduction
in the maximum output current as a function of input
voltage for various output voltages.
Slope Compensation and Inductor Peak Current
Slope compensation provides stability in constant fre-
quency architectures by preventing subharmonic oscilla-
tions at high duty cycles. It is accomplished internally by
adding a compensating ramp to the inductor current
signal at duty cycles in excess of 40%. Normally, this
results in a reduction of maximum inductor peak current
for duty cycles > 40%. However, the LTC3405 uses a
patent-pending scheme that counteracts this compensat-
ing ramp, which allows the maximum inductor peak
current to remain unaffected throughout all duty cycles.
Figure 2. Maximum Output Current vs Input Voltage
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2.5
V
3.0
OUT
= 2.5V
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
DS(ON)
3.5
4.0
V
of the P-channel switch
OUT
4.5
= 1.8V
V
OUT
5.0
= 1.3V
LTC3405
3405 G23
5.5
sn3405 3405fs
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