AD8304 Analog Devices, AD8304 Datasheet

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AD8304

Manufacturer Part Number
AD8304
Description
160 DB Logarithmic Amplifier With Photo-diode Interface
Manufacturer
Analog Devices
Datasheet

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a
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The AD8304 is a monolithic logarithmic detector optimized for
the measurement of low-frequency signal power in fiber optic
systems. It uses an advanced translinear technique to provide an
exceptionally large dynamic range in a versatile and easily used
form. Its wide measurement range and accuracy are achieved
using proprietary design techniques and precise laser trimming.
In most applications only a single positive supply V
be required, but 3.0 V to 5.5 V can be used, and certain appli-
cations benefit from the added use of a negative supply, V
When using low supply voltages, the log slope is readily altered
to fit the available span. The low quiescent current and chip
disable features facilitate use in battery-operated applications.
The input current I
scaled NPN transistor, connected in a feedback path around a
low-offset JFET amplifier. The current-summing input node
operates at a constant voltage, independent of current, with a
default value of 0.5 V; this may be adjusted over a wide range,
including ground or below, using an optional negative supply.
An adaptive biasing scheme is provided for reducing the dark
current at very low light input levels. The voltage at pin VPDB
applies approximately 0.1 V across the diode for I
rising linearly with current to 2.0 V of net bias at I
The input pin INPT is flanked by the guard pins VSUM that
track the voltage at the summing node to minimize leakage.
PD
flows in the collector of an optimally
PD
PD
P
= 100 pA,
of 5 V will
= 10 mA.
N
.
The default value of the logarithmic slope at the output VLOG
is accurately scaled to 10 mV/dB (200 mV/decade). The resis-
tance at this output is laser trimmed to 5 kΩ, allowing the slope
to be lowered by shunting it with an external resistance; the
addition of a capacitor at this pin provides a simple low-pass
filter. The intermediate voltage VLOG is buffered in an output
stage that can swing to within about 100 mV of ground (or V
and the positive supply, V
capacity of ± 20 mA. The slope can be increased using the buffer
and a pair of external feedback resistors. An accurate voltage
reference of 2 V is also provided to facilitate the repositioning of
the intercept.
Many operational modes are possible. For example, low-pass
filters of up to three poles may be implemented, to reduce the
output noise at low input currents. The buffer may also serve as a
comparator, with or without hysteresis, using the 2 V reference,
for example, in alarm applications. The incremental bandwidth of
a translinear logarithmic amplifier inherently diminishes for small
input currents. At the 1 nA level, the AD8304’s bandwidth is
about 2 kHz, but this increases in proportion to I
mum value of 10 MHz.
The AD8304 is available in a 14-lead TSSOP package and
specified for operation from –40°C to +85°C.
VSUM
160 dB Range (100 pA–10 mA)
I
PD
6
3
4
5
VSUM
VPDB
INPT
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
VNEG
1
VPS2
PDB
Logarithmic Converter
10
~10k
P
, and provides a peak current drive
PWDN
COMPENSATION
TEMPERATURE
BIAS
2
ACOM
14
0.5V
VREF
AD8304
VPS1
12
5k
PD
AD8304
VOUT
up to a maxi-
11
13
7
8
9
VREF
VLOG
BFIN
BFNG
N
)

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AD8304 Summary of contents

Page 1

... V reference, for example, in alarm applications. The incremental bandwidth of a translinear logarithmic amplifier inherently diminishes for small input currents. At the 1 nA level, the AD8304’s bandwidth is about 2 kHz, but this increases in proportion to I mum value of 10 MHz. ...

Page 2

... AD8304–SPECIFICATIONS Parameters Conditions INPUT INTERFACE Pin 4, INPT; Pin 3 and Pin 5, VSUM Specified Current Range Flows toward INPT pin Input Node Voltage Internally preset; May Be Altered Temperature Drift –40°C < T Input Guard Offset Voltage PHOTODIODE BIAS Established between Pin 6, V ...

Page 3

... ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the AD8304 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high-energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality ...

Page 4

... AD8304–Typical Performance Characteristics ( unless otherwise noted 1 –40 C, + –0.5V 1.4 N –40 C 1.2 +25 C +85 C 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 100p 1n 10n 100n 1 INPUT – –40 C, + –0.5V 1.5 N 1.0 –40 C 0.5 + +85 C –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 –2.0 ...

Page 5

... GAIN = 2 –3 –6 –9 –12 100 1m 10m 1kHz C 0 –10 –20 –30 –40 –50 –60 – 10M AD8304 100n 1 10 100 1m 10m INPUT CURRENT – 2 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M FREQUENCY – Hz ...

Page 6

... AD8304 2 1.5 1.0 0.5 MEAN + 3 0 MEAN – 3 –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 –2.0 100p 1n 10n 100n 1 10 INPUT – A σ MEAN + MEAN –1 MEAN – –2 –3 –4 –5 100p 1n 10n 100n 1 10 INPUT – ...

Page 7

... LOGARITHMIC SLOPE – mV/dec 160 140 120 100 180 160 140 120 100 204 –20 AD8304 80 100 120 140 LOGARITHMIC INTERCEPT – pA – INPUT GUARD OFFSET – mV ...

Page 8

... For the AD8304 operating in its default mode, its I corresponds responsivity of 0.9 A/W. Thus, an optical power would generate: V LOG Note that when using the AD8304 in optical applications, the (2) interpretation of V power, the logarithmic slope remains 10 mV/dB at this output. This can be a little confusing since a decibel change on the is called Z optical side has a different meaning than on the electrical side ...

Page 9

... VREF. In conventional translinear log amps, the summing node is gener- ally held at ground potential, but that condition is not readily realized in a single-supply part. To address this, the AD8304 also supports the use of an optional negative supply voltage, V pin VNEG. For least –0.5 V the summing node can N be connected to ground potential ...

Page 10

... R1 Figure 1, which is necessary to stabilize the system over the full range of currents, affects bandwidth at all values of I Later signal processing blocks also limit the maximum value. TPC 7 shows ac response curves for the AD8304 at eight repre- sentative currents of 100 mA, using 1000 pF ...

Page 11

... Table III lists the resistor values for 0.5V representative intercepts. RZ VLOG 8 5k BFIN BFNG 13 (mV/decade) 300 RA RB 300 11 400 VOUT V 400 OUT 400 500 500 500 Equations for use with Table III: V OUT where = + G AD8304 (pA 20.0 100 10 10.0 100 50 3.01 100 1 10.0 12.4 10 8.06 12.4 50 6.65 12.4 1 11.5 8.2 10 9.76 8 ...

Page 12

... VREF VREF 7 particular diode, limited mainly by its series resistance. To address 0.5V this matter, the AD8304 provides for the diode a bias that varies linearly with the current. This voltage appears at pin VPDB, and VLOG 8 varies from 0.6 V (reverse-biasing the diode by 0.1 V) for RC ...

Page 13

... 1nF 10nF R1 750 CONNECT Using a Negative Supply Most applications of the AD8304 will require only a single supply 3 5.5 V. However, to provide further versatility, dual supplies may be employed, as illustrated in Figure 10. 12 The use of a negative supply, V VREF VREF 7 be placed exactly at ground level, because the input transistor (Q1 in Figure 1) will have a negative bias on its emitter small as – ...

Page 14

... RB and RE) at high input cur- rents. Therefore advisable to set these to zero. While this will not model the AD8304 precisely safer than using pos- sibly high default values for these parameters. The low current model parameters may also need consideration. Note that no attempt is made to capture either dynamic behavior or the effects of temperature in this simple macromodel ...

Page 15

... The minimum voltage that can be accurately measured is then limited only by the drift in the input offset of the AD8304. The specifications show the maximum spread over the full tempera- ture and supply range. Over a limited temperature range, and with a regulated supply, the offset drift will be lower; in this situa- tion, processing of inputs down practicable ...

Page 16

... AD8304 Programmable Multidecade Current Source The AD8304 supports a wide variety of general (nonoptical) applications. For example, the need frequently arises in test equipment to provide an accurate current that can be varied over many decades. This can be achieved using logarithmic amplifier as the measuring device in an inverse function loop, as illustrated in Figure 16 ...

Page 17

... Characterization Setups and Methods During the primary characterization of the AD8304, the device was treated as a high precision current-in logarithmic amplifier (converter). Rather than attempting to accurately generate photocurrents by illuminating a photodiode, precision current sources, like the Keithley 236, were used as input sources. Great care was taken when applying the low-level input currents ...

Page 18

... AD8304 Evaluation Board An evaluation board is available for the AD8304, the schematic for which is shown in Figure 21, and the two board sides are shown in Figure 22 and Figure 23. It can be configured for a wide variety of experiments. The board is factory set for photoconductive mode R10 10k ...

Page 19

... N SW1, R10 Device Enable: When SW1 is in the “0” position, the PWDN pin is connected to ground and the AD8304 is in its normal operating mode. R1, R2 Buffer Amplifier Gain/Slope Adjustment: The logarithmic slope of the AD8304 can be altered using the buffer’s gain-setting resistors, R1 and R2 ...

Page 20

... AD8304 SEATING OUTLINE DIMENSIONS Dimensions shown in inches and (mm). 14-Lead TSSOP (RU-14) 0.201 (5.10) 0.193 (4.90 0.177 (4.50) 0.169 (4.30) 0.256 (6.50) 0.246 (6.25 PIN 1 0.006 (0.15) 0.0433 (1.10) MAX 0.002 (0.05) 8 0.0256 0.0118 (0.30) 0 0.0079 (0.20) (0.65) 0.0075 (0.19) PLANE 0.0035 (0.090) BSC 0.028 (0.70) 0.020 (0.50) ...

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