AD603AQ Analog Devices Inc, AD603AQ Datasheet - Page 7

• Manufacturer Part Number: AD603AQ
• Description: IC AMP VGA 90MHZ LN 50MA 8CDIP
• Manufacturer: Analog Devices Inc
• Series: X-AMP®r

Specifications of AD603AQ

• Rohs Status: RoHS non-compliant
• Amplifier Type: Variable Gain
• Number Of Circuits: 1
• Slew Rate: 275 V/µs
• -3db Bandwidth: 90MHz
• Current - Input Bias: 200nA
• Current - Supply: 12.5mA
• Current - Output / Channel: 50mA
• Voltage - Supply, Single/dual (±): 9.5 V ~ 12.6 V, ±4.75 V ~ 6.3 V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Package / Case: 8-CDIP (0.300", 7.62mm)
• No. Of Amplifiers: 1
• Bandwidth: 90MHz
• Gain Accuracy: 1.5dB
• No. Of Channels: 1
• Supply Voltage Range: ± 4.75V To ± 6.3V
• Amplifier Case Style: DIP
• No. Of Pins: 8
• Operating Temperature Range: -40°C To
• Rohs Compliant: No
• For Use With: AD603-EVALZ - BOARD EVALUATION FOR AD603
• Output Type: -
• Gain Bandwidth Product: -
• Voltage - Input Offset: -
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Contains lead / RoHS non-compliant

THEORY OF OPERATION
The AD603 comprises a fixed-gain amplifier, preceded by a
broadband passive attenuator of 0 dB to 42.14 dB, having a
gain-control scaling factor of 40 dB per volt. The fixed gain is
laser-trimmed in two ranges, to either 31.07 dB (¥35.8) or
50 dB (¥358), or may be set to any range in between using one
external resistor between Pins 5 and 7. Somewhat higher gain can
be obtained by connecting the resistor from Pin 5 to common,
but the increase in output offset voltage limits the maximum
gain to about 60 dB. For any given range, the bandwidth is
independent of the voltage-controlled gain. This system provides
an underrange and overrange of 1.07 dB in all cases; for ex-
ample, the overall gain is –11.07 dB to +31.07 dB in the
maximum-bandwidth mode (Pin 5 and Pin 7 strapped).
This X-AMP structure has many advantages over former methods
of gain-control based on nonlinear elements. Most importantly,
the fixed-gain amplifier can use negative feedback to increase its
accuracy. Since large inputs are first attenuated, the amplifier
input is always small. For example, to deliver a ± 1 V output in
the –1 dB/+41 dB mode (that is, using a fixed amplifier gain of
41.07 dB) its input is only 8.84 mV; thus the distortion can be
very low. Equally important, the small-signal gain and phase
response, and thus the pulse response, are essentially indepen-
dent of gain.
Figure 1 is a simplified schematic. The input attenuator is a
seven-section R-2R ladder network, using untrimmed resistors
of nominally R = 62.5 W, which results in a characteristic resis-
tance of 125 W ± 20%. A shunt resistor is included at the input
and laser trimmed to establish a more exact input resistance of
100 W ± 3%, which ensures accurate operation (gain and HP
corner frequency) when used in conjunction with external resistors
or capacitors.
The nominal maximum signal at input VINP is 1 V rms (± 1.4 V
peak) when using the recommended ± 5 V supplies, although
operation to ± 2 V peak is permissible with some increase in HF
distortion and feedthrough. Pin 4 (SIGNAL COMMON) must
be connected directly to the input ground; significant impedance in
this connection will reduce the gain accuracy.
The signal applied at the input of the ladder network is attenu-
ated by 6.02 dB by each section; thus, the attenuation to each of
the taps is progressively 0 dB, 6.02 dB, 12.04 dB, 18.06 dB,
24.08 dB, 30.1 dB, 36.12 dB, and 42.14 dB. A unique circuit
REV. E
COMM
GPOS
GNEG
VNEG
VPOS
VINP
0dB
V
R
G
REFERENCE
–6.02dB –12.04dB –18.06dB –24.08dB –30.1dB –36.12dB –42.14dB
SCALING
2R
INTERFACE
CONTROL
R
GAIN-
2R
R-2R LADDER NETWORK
Figure 1. Simplified Block Diagram
R
2R
R
INPUT ATTENUATOR
2R
PRECISION PASSIVE
R
–7–
AD603
2R
technique is employed to interpolate between these tap points,
indicated by the slider in Figure 1, thus providing continuous
attenuation from 0 dB to 42.14 dB. It will help in understanding
the AD603 to think in terms of a mechanical means for moving
this slider from left to right; in fact, its position is controlled by
the voltage between Pins 1 and 2. The details of the gain-
control interface are discussed later.
The gain is at all times very exactly determined, and a linear-in-dB
relationship is automatically guaranteed by the exponential
nature of the attenuation in the ladder network (the X-AMP
principle). In practice, the gain deviates slightly from the ideal
law, by about ± 0.2 dB peak (see, for example, TPC 1).
Noise Performance
An important advantage of the X-AMP is its superior noise per-
formance. The nominal resistance seen at inner tap points is
41.7 W (one third of 125 W), which exhibits a Johnson noise-
spectral density (NSD) of 0.83 nV/÷Hz (that is, ÷4kTR) at 27∞C,
which is a large fraction of the total input noise. The first stage
of the amplifier contributes a further 1 nV/÷Hz, for a total input
noise of 1.3 nV/÷Hz. It will be apparent that it is essential to use
a low resistance in the ladder network to achieve the very low
specified noise level. The signal’s source impedance forms a
voltage divider with the AD603’s 100 W input resistance. In
some applications, the resulting attenuation may be unaccept-
able, requiring the use of an external buffer or preamplifier to
match a high impedance source to the low impedance AD603.
The noise at maximum gain (that is, at the 0 dB tap) depends
on whether the input is short-circuited or open-circuited: when
shorted, the minimum NSD of slightly over 1 nV/÷Hz is achieved;
when open, the resistance of 100 W looking into the first tap
generates 1.29 nV/÷Hz, so the noise increases to a total of
1.63 nV/÷Hz. (This last calculation would be important if the
AD603 were preceded by, for example, a 900 W resistor to allow
operation from inputs up to 10 V rms.) As the selected tap
moves away from the input, the dependence of the noise on
source impedance quickly diminishes.
Apart from the small variations just discussed, the signal-to-
noise (S/N) ratio at the output is essentially independent of the
attenuator setting. For example, on the –11 dB/+31 dB range,
the fixed gain of ¥35.8 raises the output NSD to 46.5 nV/÷Hz.
Thus, for the maximum undistorted output of 1 V rms and a
1 MHz bandwidth, the output S/N ratio would be 86.6 dB, that
is, 20 log (1 V/46.5 mV).
R
2R
R
R
*NORMAL VALUES
FIXED-GAIN
AMPLIFIER
20 *
694 *
6.44k *
V
FDBK
OUT
AD603