AD538 Analog Devices, AD538 Datasheet

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AD538

Manufacturer Part Number
AD538
Description
Real-Time Analog Computational Unit ACU
Manufacturer
Analog Devices
Datasheet

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a
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The AD538 is a monolithic real-time computational circuit that
provides precision analog multiplication, division and exponen-
tiation. The combination of low input and output offset voltages
and excellent linearity results in accurate computation over an
unusually wide input dynamic range. Laser wafer trimming makes
multiplication and division with errors as low as 0.25% of read-
ing possible, while typical output offsets of 100 V or less add to
the overall off-the-shelf performance level. Real-time analog
signal processing is further enhanced by the device’s 400 kHz
bandwidth.
The AD538’s overall transfer function is V
Programming a particular function is via pin strapping. No
external components are required for one-quadrant (positive
input) multiplication and division. Two-quadrant (bipolar
numerator) division is possible with the use of external level
shifting and scaling resistors. The desired scale factor for both
multiplication and division can be set using the on-chip +2 V or
+10 V references, or controlled externally to provide simulta-
neous multiplication and division. Exponentiation with an m
value from 0.2 to 5 can be implemented with the addition of
one or two external resistors.
REV. C
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
FEATURES
V
Wide Dynamic Range (Denominator) –1000:1
Simultaneous Multiplication and Division
Resistor-Programmable Powers and Roots
No External Trims Required
Low Input Offsets <100
Low Error
+2 V and +10 V On-Chip References
Monolithic Construction
APPLICATIONS
One- or Two-Quadrant Mult/Div
Log Ratio Computation
Squaring/Square Rooting
Trigonometric Function Approximations
Linearization Via Curve Fitting
Precision AGC
Power Functions
OUT
= V
Y
V
V
0.25% of Reading (100:1 Range)
X
Z
m
Transfer Function
V
O
= V
Y
(V
Z
/ V
X
)
m
.
Direct log ratio computation is possible by using only the log
ratio and output sections of the chip. Access to the multiple
summing junctions adds further to the AD538’s flexibility.
Finally, a wide power supply range of 4.5 V to 18 V allows
operation from standard 5 V, 12 V and 15 V supplies.
The AD538 is available in two accuracy grades (A and B) over
the industrial (–25 C to +85 C) temperature range and one
grade (S) over the military (–55 C to +125 C) temperature
range. The device is packaged in an 18-lead TO-118 hermetic
side-brazed ceramic DIP. A-grade chips are also available.
PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS
1. Real-time analog multiplication, division and exponentiation.
2. High accuracy analog division with a wide input dynamic
3. On-chip +2 V or +10 V scaling reference voltages.
4. Both voltage and current (summing) input modes.
5. Monolithic construction with lower cost and higher reliability
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781/329-4700
Fax: 781/326-8703
range.
than hybrid and modular circuits.
+10V
+2V
+V
–V
V
V
I
B
S
S
O
Z
Z
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Computational Unit (ACU)
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
25k
OUTPUT
25k
REFERENCE
INTERNAL
VOLTAGE
World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com
100
ANTILOG
RATIO
LOG
Real-Time Analog
AD538
LOG
100
© Analog Devices, Inc., 1999
25k
25k
AD538
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
A
D
I
V
SIGNAL
GND
PWR
GND
C
I
V
X
Y
X
Y

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AD538 Summary of contents

Page 1

... Finally, a wide power supply range of 4 allows operation from standard and 15 V supplies. The AD538 is available in two accuracy grades (A and B) over the industrial (– +85 C) temperature range and one grade (S) over the military (– +125 C) temperature range ...

Page 2

... X 3 When using supplies below 13 V, the 10 V reference pin must be connected to the 2 V pin in order for the AD538 to operate correctly. Specifications subject to change without notice. Specifications shown in boldface are tested on all production units at final electrical test. Results from those tests are used to calculate outgoing quality levels. All min and max specifications are guaranteed, although only those shown in boldface are tested on all production units ...

Page 3

... Rather than as a percent of full scale, the AD538’s error as a multiplier or divider for a 100:1 (100 input range is specified as the sum of two error components: a percent of reading (ideal output) term plus a fixed output offset ...

Page 4

... ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the AD538 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality ...

Page 5

... Figure 5. Multiplier Error vs. Temperature (10 mV < 100 mV 5.0 4.0 3.0 2 READING 1.0 OFFSET 0 –55 –40 – 100 TEMPERATURE – C Figure 6. Divider Error vs. Temperature (10 mV < 100 mV AD538 10 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 125 1000 800 600 400 200 0 125 ...

Page 6

... Thus the overall AD538 transfer function equals where 0.2 < m < When the AD538 is used as an analog divider, the V be used to multiply the ratio V The actual multiplication by the V by adding the log of the V is already in the log domain. –6– 100 ...

Page 7

... If both references are required simultaneously, the +10 V output should be used directly and the +2 V output should be externally buffered. REV. C ONE-QUADRANT MULTIPLICATION/DIVISION Figure 12 shows how the AD538 may be easily configured as a precision one-quadrant multiplier/divider. The transfer function OUT a calculation not available with a conventional multiplier. In addition, the 1000:1 (i ...

Page 8

... ADJUST Figure 13. Two-Quadrant Division with 10 V Scaling LOG RATIO OPERATION Figure 14 shows the AD538 configured for computing the log of the ratio of two input voltages (or currents). The output signal from B is connected to the summing junction of the output ampli- fier via two series resistors. The 90.9 tively degrades the temperature coefficient of the 3500 ppm/ C resistor to produce a 1 ...

Page 9

... –1 the AD538 functions as a summing junction necessary preserve the sign of the input voltage, the polarity of the op amp output may be sensed and used after the computation to switch the sign bit of a D.V.M. chip. ...

Page 10

... ARC-TANGENT APPROXIMATION The circuit of Figure 17 is typical of those AD538 applications where the quantity raised to powers greater than one. Z ...

Page 11

... REV. C OUTLINE DIMENSIONS Dimensions shown in inches and (mm). Side-Brazed Ceramic DIP (D-18 0.30 (7.62) 0.28 (7.12 PIN 1 0.306 (7.78) 0.91 (23.12) 0.294 (7.47) 0.89 (22.61) 0.175 (4.45) MAX 0.125 (3.18) 0.02 (0.508) 0.105 (2.67) 0.06 (1.53) SEATING PLANE 0.015 (0.381) 0.095 (2.42) 0.04 (1.02) –11– AD538 0.12 (3.05) 0.06 (1.53) 0.012 (0.305) 0.008 (0.203) ...

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