ATmega48 Automotive Atmel Corporation, ATmega48 Automotive Datasheet - Page 180

• Manufacturer Part Number: ATmega48 Automotive
• Manufacturer: Atmel Corporation

Specifications of ATmega48 Automotive

• Flash (kbytes): 4 Kbytes
• Pin Count: 32
• Max. Operating Frequency: 16 MHz
• Cpu: 8-bit AVR
• # Of Touch Channels: 12
• Hardware Qtouch Acquisition: No
• Max I/o Pins: 23
• Ext Interrupts: 24
• Usb Speed: No
• Usb Interface: No
• Spi: 2
• Twi (i2c): 1
• Uart: 1
• Graphic Lcd: No
• Video Decoder: No
• Camera Interface: No
• Adc Channels: 8
• Adc Resolution (bits): 10
• Adc Speed (ksps): 15
• Analog Comparators: 1
• Resistive Touch Screen: No
• Temp. Sensor: No
• Crypto Engine: No
• Sram (kbytes): 0.5
• Eeprom (bytes): 256
• Self Program Memory: NO
• Dram Memory: No
• Nand Interface: No
• Picopower: No
• Temp. Range (deg C): -40 to 125
• I/o Supply Class: 2.7 to 5.5
• Operating Voltage (vcc): 2.7 to 5.5
• Fpu: No
• Mpu / Mmu: no / no
• Timers: 3
• Output Compare Channels: 6
• Input Capture Channels: 1
• Pwm Channels: 6
• 32khz Rtc: Yes
• Calibrated Rc Oscillator: Yes

17.7.1
17.7.2
180
ATmega48/88/168 Automotive
Asynchronous Clock Recovery
Asynchronous Data Recovery
The clock recovery logic synchronizes internal clock to the incoming serial frames.
illustrates the sampling process of the start bit of an incoming frame. The sample rate is 16 times
the baud rate for Normal mode, and eight times the baud rate for Double Speed mode. The hor-
izontal arrows illustrate the synchronization variation due to the sampling process. Note the
larger time variation when using the Double Speed mode (U2Xn = 1) of operation. Samples
denoted zero are samples done when the RxDn line is idle (i.e., no communication activity).
Figure 17-5. Start Bit Sampling
When the clock recovery logic detects a high (idle) to low (start) transition on the RxDn line, the
start bit detection sequence is initiated. Let sample 1 denote the first zero-sample as shown in
the figure. The clock recovery logic then uses samples 8, 9, and 10 for Normal mode, and sam-
ples 4, 5, and 6 for Double Speed mode (indicated with sample numbers inside boxes on the
figure), to decide if a valid start bit is received. If two or more of these three samples have logical
high levels (the majority wins), the start bit is rejected as a noise spike and the Receiver starts
looking for the next high to low-transition. If however, a valid start bit is detected, the clock recov-
ery logic is synchronized and the data recovery can begin. The synchronization process is
repeated for each start bit.
When the receiver clock is synchronized to the start bit, the data recovery can begin. The data
recovery unit uses a state machine that has 16 states for each bit in Normal mode and eight
states for each bit in Double Speed mode.
the parity bit. Each of the samples is given a number that is equal to the state of the recovery
unit.
Figure 17-6. Sampling of Data and Parity Bit
(U2X = 0)
(U2X = 1)
(U2X = 0)
(U2X = 1)
Sample
Sample
Sample
Sample
RxD
RxD
0
0
IDLE
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
2
3
2
4
4
5
3
5
3
6
6
Figure 17-6
7
4
7
4
8
8
START
BIT n
9
5
9
5
10
10
shows the sampling of the data bits and
11
11
6
6
12
12
13
13
7
7
14
14
15
15
8
8
16
16
1
1
1
1
7530I–AVR–02/10
2
BIT 0
Figure 17-5
3
2