PIC16F721T-I/ML Microchip Technology, PIC16F721T-I/ML Datasheet - Page 24

• Manufacturer Part Number: PIC16F721T-I/ML
• Description: 7 KB FLASH, 256 B SRAM, 18 I/O 20 QFN 4x4mm T/R
• Manufacturer: Microchip Technology
• Series: PIC® XLP™ 16Fr

Specifications of PIC16F721T-I/ML

• Core Processor: PIC
• Core Size: 8-Bit
• Speed: 16MHz
• Connectivity: I²C, SPI, UART/USART
• Peripherals: Brown-out Detect/Reset, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number Of I /o: 17
• Program Memory Size: 7KB (4K x 14)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• Ram Size: 256 x 8
• Voltage - Supply (vcc/vdd): 1.8 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 12x8b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Package / Case: *
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant
• Eeprom Size: -
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant

PIC16F/LF720/721
2.3
The Program Counter (PC) is 13 bits wide. The low
byte comes from the PCL register, which is a readable
and writable register. The high byte (PC<12:8>) is not
directly readable or writable and comes from
PCLATH. On any Reset, the PC is cleared.
shows the two situations for the loading of the PC. The
upper example in
loaded on a write to PCL (PCLATH<4:0>  PCH).
The lower example in
loaded
(PCLATH<4:3>  PCH).
FIGURE 2-5:
2.3.1
A computed GOTO is accomplished by adding an offset
to the program counter (ADDWF PCL). When perform-
ing a table read using a computed GOTO method, care
should be exercised if the table location crosses a PCL
memory boundary (each 256-byte block). Refer to the
Application Note AN556, “Implementing a Table Read”
(DS00556).
2.3.2
All devices have an 8-level x 13-bit wide hardware
stack (refer to Figures
not part of either program or data space and the Stack
Pointer is not readable or writable. The PC is PUSHed
onto the stack when a CALL instruction is executed or
an interrupt causes a branch. The stack is POPed in
the event of a RETURN, RETLW or a RETFIE instruction
execution. PCLATH is not affected by a PUSH or POP
operation.
The stack operates as a circular buffer. This means that
after the stack has been PUSHed eight times, the ninth
PUSH overwrites the value that was stored from the
first PUSH. The tenth PUSH overwrites the second
PUSH (and so on).
DS41430A-page 24
PC
PC
12
12 11 10
2
PCL and PCLATH
5
PCH
PCLATH<4:3>
during
PCH
COMPUTED GOTO
STACK
PCLATH
PCLATH<4:0>
8 7
PCLATH
8 7
a
Figure 2-5
Figure 2-5
2-1
CALL
LOADING OF PC IN
DIFFERENT SITUATIONS
PCL
PCL
and 2-2). The stack space is
or
shows how the PC is
11
shows how the PC is
8
GOTO
0
0
Instruction with
Opcode<10:0>
ALU Result
GOTO, CALL
Destination
Figure 2-5
instruction
PCL as
2.4
All devices are capable of addressing a continuous 8K
word block of program memory. The CALL and GOTO
instructions provide only 11 bits of address to allow
branching within any 2K program memory page. When
doing a CALL or GOTO instruction, the upper 2 bits of
the address are provided by PCLATH<4:3>. When
doing a CALL or GOTO instruction, the user must ensure
that the page select bits are programmed so that the
desired program memory page is addressed. If a return
from a CALL instruction (or interrupt) is executed, the
entire 13-bit PC is POPed off the stack. Therefore,
manipulation of the PCLATH<4:3> bits is not required
for the RETURN instructions (which POPs the address
from the stack).
Example 2-1
page 1 of the program memory. This example assumes
that PCLATH is saved and restored by the Interrupt
Service Routine (if interrupts are used).
EXAMPLE 2-1:
SUB1_P1
Note:
Note 1: There are no Status bits to indicate stack
2: There are no instructions/mnemonics
Program Memory Paging
ORG 500h
PAGESEL SUB_P1 ;Select page 1
CALL
:
:
ORG
:
:
RETURN
The contents of the PCLATH register are
unchanged after a RETURN or RETFIE
instruction is executed. The user must
rewrite the contents of the PCLATH regis-
ter for any subsequent subroutine calls or
GOTO instructions.
overflow or stack underflow conditions.
called PUSH or POP. These are actions
that occur from the execution of the
CALL,
instructions or the vectoring to an
interrupt address.
shows the calling of a subroutine in
SUB1_P1 ;Call subroutine in
900h
RETURN,
IN PAGE 1 FROM PAGE 0
CALL OF A SUBROUTINE
 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
;(800h-FFFh)
;page 1 (800h-FFFh)
;page 1 (800h-FFFh)
;called subroutine
;page 1 (800h-FFFh)
;return to
;Call subroutine
;in page 0
;(000h-7FFh)
RETLW and RETFIE