xr16m890 Exar Corporation, xr16m890 Datasheet - Page 18

• Manufacturer Part Number: xr16m890
• Description: Uart With 128-byte Fifo And Integrated Level Shifters
• Manufacturer: Exar Corporation

XR16M890
UART WITH 128-BYTE FIFO AND INTEGRATED LEVEL SHIFTERS
The host may fill the transmit FIFO with up to 128 bytes of transmit data. The THR empty flag (LSR bit-5) is set
whenever the FIFO is empty. The THR empty flag can generate a transmit empty interrupt (ISR bit-1) when the
FIFO becomes empty. The transmit empty interrupt is enabled by IER bit-1. The TSR flag (LSR bit-6) is set
when TSR/FIFO becomes empty.
The receiver section contains an 8-bit Receive Shift Register (RSR) and 128 bytes of FIFO which includes a
byte-wide Receive Holding Register (RHR). The RSR uses the 16X/8X/4X clock (DLD[5:4]) for timing. It
verifies and validates every bit on the incoming character in the middle of each data bit. On the falling edge of
a start or false start bit, an internal receiver counter starts counting at the 16X/8X/4X clock rate. After 8 clocks
(or 4 if 8X or 2 if 4X) the start bit period should be at the center of the start bit. At this time the start bit is
sampled and if it is still a logic 0 it is validated. Evaluating the start bit in this manner prevents the receiver from
assembling a false character. The rest of the data bits and stop bits are sampled and validated in this same
manner to prevent false framing. If there were any error(s), they are reported in the LSR register bits 2-4. Upon
unloading the receive data byte from RHR, the receive FIFO pointer is bumped and the error tags are
immediately updated to reflect the status of the data byte in RHR register. RHR can generate a receive data
ready interrupt upon receiving a character or delay until it reaches the FIFO trigger level. Furthermore, data
delivery to the host is guaranteed by a receive data ready time-out interrupt when data is not received for 4
word lengths as defined by LCR[1:0] plus 12 bits time. This is equivalent to 3.7-4.6 character times. The RHR
interrupt is enabled by IER bit-0. See
The Receive Holding Register is an 8-bit register that holds a receive data byte from the Receive Shift
Register. It provides the receive data interface to the host processor. The RHR register is part of the receive
FIFO of 128 bytes by 11-bits wide, the 3 extra bits are for the 3 error tags to be reported in LSR register. When
the FIFO is enabled by FCR bit-0, the RHR contains the first data character received by the FIFO. After the
RHR is read, the next character byte is loaded into the RHR and the errors associated with the current data
byte are immediately updated in the LSR bits 2-4.
F
1.10
1.9.3
1.10.1
IGURE
12. T
Receiver
Receive Holding Register (RHR) - Read-Only
Transmitter Operation in FIFO Mode
RANSMITTER
16X or 8X or 4X Clock
Auto CTS Flow Control (CTS# pin)
(Xoff1/2 and Xon1/2 Reg.)
Auto Software Flow Control
Flow Control Characters
(DLD[5:4])
O
PERATION IN
Data Byte
Transmit
Figure 13
FIFO
PRELIMINARY
AND
Transmit Data Shift Register
and
F
LOW
Figure 14
(TSR)
Transmit
18
FIFO
C
ONTROL
below.
M
THR Interrupt (ISR bit-1) falls
below the programmed Trigger
Level and then when becomes
bit-0=1
empty. FIFO is Enabled by FCR
ODE
TXFIFO1
REV. P1.1.1