XK-Z11-M Digi International, XK-Z11-M Datasheet - Page 92

• Manufacturer Part Number: XK-Z11-M
• Description: ZIGBEE MODULE DEVELOPMENT KIT
• Manufacturer: Digi International
• Series: XBee™r
• Type: Transceiver, 802.15.4/ZigBeer

Specifications of XK-Z11-M

• Frequency: 2.4GHz
• For Use With/related Products: XBee Modules
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant
• Other names: 602-1184

© 2010 Digi International, Inc.
XBee®/XBee‐PRO® ZB RF Modules
Putting it all Together
The value of these timeouts depends on the sleep time used by the end devices. Each of these timeouts are
discussed below.
RF Packet Buffering Timeout
Child Poll Timeout
Transmission Timeout
Short Sleep Periods
When a router or coordinator receives an RF data packet intended for one of its end device children, it buffers
the packet until the end device wakes and polls for the data, or until a packet buffering timeout occurs. This
timeout is settable using the SP command. The actual timeout is (1.2 * SP), with a minimum timeout of 1.2
seconds and a maximum of 30 seconds. Since the packet buffering timeout is set slightly larger than the SP
setting, SP should be set the same on routers and coordinators as it is on cyclic sleep end devices. For pin sleep
devices, SP should be set as long as the pin sleep device can sleep, up to 30 seconds.
Note: In pin sleep and extended cyclic sleep, end devices can sleep longer than 30 seconds. If end devices sleep
longer than 30 seconds, parent and non-parent devices must know when the end device is awake in order to
reliably send data. For applications that require sleeping longer than 30 seconds, end devices should transmit
an IO sample or other data when they wake to alert other devices that they can send data to the end device.
Router and coordinator devices maintain a timestamp for each end device child indicating when the end device
sent its last poll request to check for buffered data packets. If an end device does not send a poll request to its
parent for a certain period of time, the parent will assume the end device has moved out of range and will
remove the end device from its child table. This allows routers and coordinators to be responsive to changing
network conditions. The NC command can be issued at any time to read the number of remaining (unused) child
table entries on a router or coordinator.
The child poll timeout is settable with the SP and SN commands. SP and SN should be set such that SP * SN
matches the longest expected sleep time of any end devices in the network. The actual timeout is calculated as
(3 * SP * SN), with a minimum of 5 seconds. For networks consisting of pin sleep end devices, the SP and SN
values on the coordinator and routers should be set such that SP * SN matches the longest expected sleep
period of any pin sleep device. The 3 multiplier ensures the end device will not be removed unless 3 sleep cycles
pass without receiving a poll request. The poll timeout is settable up to a couple of months.
As mentioned in chapter 4, when sending RF data to a remote router, since routers are always on, the timeout
is based on the number of hops the transmission may traverse. This timeout it settable using the NH command.
(See chapter 4 for details.)
Since end devices may sleep for lengthy periods of time, the transmission timeout to end devices also includes
some allowance for the sleep period of the end device. When sending data to a remote end device, the
transmission timeout is calculated using the SP and NH commands. If the timeout occurs and an
acknowledgment has not been received, the source device will resend the transmission until an
acknowledgment is received, up to two more times.
The transmission timeout per attempt is:
3 * ((unicast router timeout) + (end device sleep time)), or
3 * ((50 * NH) + (1.2 * SP)), where SP is measured in 10ms units.
Pin and cyclic sleep devices that sleep less than 30 seconds can receive data transmissions at any time since
their parent device(s) will be able to buffer data long enough for the end devices to wake and poll to receive the
data. SP should be set the same on all devices in the network. If end devices in a network have more than one
SP setting, SP on the routers and coordinators should be set to match the largest SP setting of any end device.
This will ensure the RF packet buffering, poll timeout, and transmission timeouts are set correctly.
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