ATmega640 Atmel Corporation, ATmega640 Datasheet - Page 180
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ATmega640
Manufacturer Part Number
ATmega640
Description
Manufacturer
Atmel Corporation
Specifications of ATmega640
Flash (kbytes)
64 Kbytes
Pin Count
100
Max. Operating Frequency
16 MHz
Cpu
8-bit AVR
# Of Touch Channels
16
Hardware Qtouch Acquisition
No
Max I/o Pins
86
Ext Interrupts
32
Usb Speed
No
Usb Interface
No
Spi
5
Twi (i2c)
1
Uart
4
Graphic Lcd
No
Video Decoder
No
Camera Interface
No
Adc Channels
16
Adc Resolution (bits)
10
Adc Speed (ksps)
15
Analog Comparators
1
Resistive Touch Screen
No
Temp. Sensor
No
Crypto Engine
No
Sram (kbytes)
8
Eeprom (bytes)
4096
Self Program Memory
YES
Dram Memory
No
Nand Interface
No
Picopower
No
Temp. Range (deg C)
-40 to 85
I/o Supply Class
1.8 to 5.5
Operating Voltage (vcc)
1.8 to 5.5
Fpu
No
Mpu / Mmu
no / no
Timers
6
Output Compare Channels
16
Input Capture Channels
4
Pwm Channels
15
32khz Rtc
Yes
Calibrated Rc Oscillator
Yes
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20.5
2549N–AVR–05/11
Output Compare Unit
The Timer/Counter Overflow Flag (TOV2) is set each time the counter reaches BOTTOM. The
Interrupt Flag can be used to generate an interrupt each time the counter reaches the BOTTOM
value.
In phase correct PWM mode, the compare unit allows generation of PWM waveforms on the
OC2x pin. Setting the COM2x1:0 bits to two will produce a non-inverted PWM. An inverted PWM
output can be generated by setting the COM2x1:0 to three. TOP is defined as 0xFF when
WGM2:0 = 3, and OCR2A when MGM2:0 = 7 (see
value will only be visible on the port pin if the data direction for the port pin is set as output. The
PWM waveform is generated by clearing (or setting) the OC2x Register at the compare match
between OCR2x and TCNT2 when the counter increments, and setting (or clearing) the OC2x
Register at compare match between OCR2x and TCNT2 when the counter decrements. The
PWM frequency for the output when using phase correct PWM can be calculated by the follow-
ing equation:
The N variable represents the prescale factor (1, 8, 32, 64, 128, 256, or 1024).
The extreme values for the OCR2A Register represent special cases when generating a PWM
waveform output in the phase correct PWM mode. If the OCR2A is set equal to BOTTOM, the
output will be continuously low and if set equal to MAX the output will be continuously high for
non-inverted PWM mode. For inverted PWM the output will have the opposite logic values.
At the very start of period 2 in
even though there is no Compare Match. The point of this transition is to guarantee symmetry
around BOTTOM. There are two cases that give a transition without Compare Match.
•
•
The 8-bit comparator continuously compares TCNT2 with the Output Compare Register
(OCR2A and OCR2B). Whenever TCNT2 equals OCR2A or OCR2B, the comparator signals a
match. A match will set the Output Compare Flag (OCF2A or OCF2B) at the next timer clock
cycle. If the corresponding interrupt is enabled, the Output Compare Flag generates an Output
Compare interrupt. The Output Compare Flag is automatically cleared when the interrupt is exe-
cuted. Alternatively, the Output Compare Flag can be cleared by software by writing a logical
one to its I/O bit location. The Waveform Generator uses the match signal to generate an output
according to operating mode set by the WGM22:0 bits and Compare Output mode (COM2x1:0)
bits. The max and bottom signals are used by the Waveform Generator for handling the special
cases of the extreme values in some modes of operation (see
176).
Figure 20-6 on page 181
OCR2A changes its value from MAX, like in
value is MAX the OCn pin value is the same as the result of a down-counting compare
match. To ensure symmetry around BOTTOM the OCn value at MAX must correspond to the
result of an up-counting Compare Match.
The timer starts counting from a value higher than the one in OCR2A, and for that reason
misses the Compare Match and hence the OCn change that would have happened on the
way up.
shows a block diagram of the Output Compare unit.
Figure 20-5 on page 179
ATmega640/1280/1281/2560/2561
f
OCnxPCPWM
Figure 20-5 on page
=
Table 20-4 on page
----------------- -
N 510
f
clk_I/O
⋅
OCnx has a transition from high to low
“Modes of Operation” on page
179. When the OCR2A
188). The actual OC2x
180
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