ATxmega16A4 Atmel Corporation, ATxmega16A4 Datasheet - Page 210

• Manufacturer Part Number: ATxmega16A4
• Manufacturer: Atmel Corporation

Specifications of ATxmega16A4

• Flash (kbytes): 16 Kbytes
• Pin Count: 44
• Max. Operating Frequency: 32 MHz
• Cpu: 8-bit AVR
• # Of Touch Channels: 16
• Hardware Qtouch Acquisition: No
• Max I/o Pins: 34
• Ext Interrupts: 34
• Usb Speed: No
• Usb Interface: No
• Spi: 7
• Twi (i2c): 2
• Uart: 5
• Graphic Lcd: No
• Video Decoder: No
• Camera Interface: No
• Adc Channels: 12
• Adc Resolution (bits): 12
• Adc Speed (ksps): 2000
• Analog Comparators: 2
• Resistive Touch Screen: No
• Dac Channels: 2
• Dac Resolution (bits): 12
• Temp. Sensor: Yes
• Crypto Engine: AES/DES
• Sram (kbytes): 3.3
• Eeprom (bytes): 1024
• Self Program Memory: YES
• Dram Memory: No
• Nand Interface: No
• Picopower: Yes
• Temp. Range (deg C): -40 to 85
• I/o Supply Class: 1.6 to 3.6
• Operating Voltage (vcc): 1.6 to 3.6
• Fpu: No
• Mpu / Mmu: no / no
• Timers: 5
• Output Compare Channels: 16
• Input Capture Channels: 16
• Pwm Channels: 16
• 32khz Rtc: Yes
• Calibrated Rc Oscillator: Yes

19.3.7
19.3.8
8077H–AVR–12/09
Clock and Clock Stretching
Arbitration
All devices connected to the bus are allowed to stretch the low period of the clock to slow down
the overall clock frequency or to insert wait states while processing data. A device that needs to
stretch the clock can do this by holding/forcing the SCL line low after it detects a low level on the
line.
Three types of clock stretching can be defined as shown in
Figure 19-8. Clock Stretching
If the device is in a sleep mode and a START condition is detected the clock is stretched during
the wake-up period for the device.
A slave device can slow down the bus frequency by stretching the clock periodically on a bit
level. This allows the slave to run at a lower system clock frequency. However, the overall per-
formance of the bus will be reduced accordingly. Both the master and slave device can
randomly stretch the clock on a byte level basis before and after the ACK/NACK bit. This pro-
vides time to process incoming or prepare outgoing data, or performing other time critical tasks.
In the case where the slave is stretching the clock the master will be forced into a wait-state until
the slave is ready and vice versa.
A master can only start a bus transaction if it has detected that the bus is idle. As the TWI bus is
a multi master bus, it is possible that two devices initiate a transaction at the same time. This
results in multiple masters owning the bus simultaneously. This is solved using an arbitration
scheme where the master loses control of the bus if it is not able to transmit a high level on the
SDA line. The masters who lose arbitration must then wait until the bus becomes idle (i.e. wait
for a STOP condition) before attempting to reacquire bus ownership. Slave devices are not
involved in the arbitration procedure.
SDA
SCL
S
Wakeup clock
stretching
bit 7
bit 6
Periodic clock
stretching
Figure
bit 0
19-8.
ACK/NACK
Random clock
XMEGA A
stretching
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