PIC16F870-I/SP Microchip Technology Inc., PIC16F870-I/SP Datasheet - Page 105

• Manufacturer Part Number: PIC16F870-I/SP
• Description: 28 PIN, 7 KB FLASH, 128 RAM, 22 I/O
• Manufacturer: Microchip Technology Inc.

Specifications of PIC16F870-I/SP

• A/d Inputs: 5-Channel, 10-Bit
• Cpu Speed: 5 MIPS
• Eeprom Memory: 64 Bytes
• Input Output: 22
• Interface: USART
• Memory Type: Flash
• Number Of Bits: 8
• Package Type: 28-pin SPDIP
• Programmable Memory: 3.5K Bytes
• Ram Size: 128 Bytes
• Speed: 20 MHz
• Timers: 2-8-bit, 1-16-bit
• Voltage, Range: 2-5.5 V
• Lead Free Status / Rohs Status: RoHS Compliant part Electrostatic Device

12.0
Each PIC16F870/871 instruction is a 14-bit word,
divided into an OPCODE, which specifies the instruc-
tion type, and one or more operands, which further
specify
PIC16F870/871 instruction set summary in Table 12-2
lists byte-oriented, bit-oriented, and literal and con-
trol operations. Table 12-1 shows the opcode field
descriptions.
For byte-oriented instructions, 'f' represents a file reg-
ister designator and 'd' represents a destination desig-
nator. The file register designator specifies which file
register is to be used by the instruction.
The destination designator specifies where the result of
the operation is to be placed. If 'd' is zero, the result is
placed in the W register. If 'd' is one, the result is placed
in the file register specified in the instruction.
For bit-oriented instructions, 'b' represents a bit field
designator which selects the number of the bit affected
by the operation, while 'f' represents the address of the
file in which the bit is located.
For literal and control operations, 'k' represents an
eight or eleven bit constant or literal value.
TABLE 12-1:
The instruction set is highly orthogonal and is grouped
into three basic categories:
• Byte-oriented operations
• Bit-oriented operations
• Literal and control operations
 2003 Microchip Technology Inc.
f
W
b
k
x
d
PC
TO
PD
Field
Register file address (0x00 to 0x7F)
Working register (accumulator)
Bit address within an 8-bit file register
Literal field, constant data or label
Don't care location (= 0 or 1).
The assembler will generate code with x = 0.
It is the recommended form of use for
compatibility with all Microchip software tools.
Destination select; d = 0: store result in W,
d = 1: store result in file register f.
Default is d = 1.
Program Counter
Time-out bit
Power-down bit
INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY
the
operation
OPCODE FIELD
DESCRIPTIONS
Description
of
the
instruction.
The
All instructions are executed within one single instruc-
tion cycle, unless a conditional test is true, or the pro-
gram counter is changed as a result of an instruction.
In this case, the execution takes two instruction cycles,
with the second cycle executed as a NOP. One instruc-
tion cycle consists of four oscillator periods. Thus, for
an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, the normal instruction
execution time is 1 s. If a conditional test is true, or the
program counter is changed as a result of an
instruction, the instruction execution time is 2 s.
Table 12-2 lists the instructions recognized by the
MPASM
Figure 12-1 shows the general formats that the
instructions can have.
All examples use the following format to represent a
hexadecimal number:
0xhh
where h signifies a hexadecimal digit.
FIGURE 12-1:
A description of each instruction is available in the
PICmicro™ Mid-Range MCU Family Reference Manual
(DS33023).
Note:
Byte-oriented file register operations
Bit-oriented file register operations
Literal and control operations
General
CALL and GOTO instructions only
13
13
13
13
TM
OPCODE
d = 0 for destination W
d = 1 for destination f
f = 7-bit file register address
b = 3-bit bit address
f = 7-bit file register address
k = 8-bit immediate value
k = 11-bit immediate value
OPCODE
assembler.
OPCODE
OPCODE
To maintain upward compatibility with
future PIC16F870/871 products, do not
use the OPTION and TRIS instructions.
PIC16F870/871
11
10
10 9
GENERAL FORMAT FOR
INSTRUCTIONS
8
b (BIT #)
7
d
8
6
7
7 6
k (literal)
DS30569B-page 103
f (FILE #)
k (literal)
f (FILE #)
0
0
0
0