m41st87w STMicroelectronics, m41st87w Datasheet - Page 26

• Manufacturer Part Number: m41st87w
• Description: 5.0, 3.3, Or 3.0v, 1280 Bit 160 X8 Secure Serial Rtc And Nvram Supervisor With Tamper Detection
• Manufacturer: STMicroelectronics

M41ST87Y, M41ST87W
Calibrating the Clock
The M41ST87Y/W is driven by a quartz controlled
oscillator with a nominal frequency of 32,768Hz.
The devices are tested not exceed ±35 ppm (parts
per million) oscillator frequency error at 25
which equates to about ±1.53 minutes per month.
When the Calibration circuit is properly employed,
accuracy improves to better than ±2 ppm at 25°C.
The oscillation rate of crystals changes with tem-
perature (see
M41ST87Y/W design employs periodic counter
correction. The calibration circuit adds or subtracts
counts from the oscillator divider circuit at the di-
vide by 256
23., page
are blanked (subtracted, negative calibration) or
split (added, positive calibration) depends upon
the value loaded into the five Calibration Bits found
in the Control Register. Adding counts speeds the
clock up, subtracting counts slows the clock down.
The Calibration Bits occupy the five lower order
bits (D4-D0) in the Control Register (08h). These
bits can be set to represent any value between 0
and 31 in binary form. Bit D5 is a Sign Bit; '1' indi-
cates positive calibration, '0' indicates negative
calibration. Calibration occurs within a 64 minute
cycle. The first 62 minutes in the cycle may, once
per minute, have one second either shortened by
128 or lengthened by 256 oscillator cycles. If a bi-
nary '1' is loaded into the register, only the first 2
minutes in the 64 minute cycle will be modified; if
a binary 6 is loaded, the first 12 will be affected,
and so on.
Therefore, each calibration step has the effect of
adding 512 or subtracting 256 oscillator cycles for
every 125,829,120 actual oscillator cycles, that is
+4.068 or –2.034 ppm of adjustment per calibra-
tion step in the calibration register. Assuming that
the oscillator is running at exactly 32,768Hz, each
of the 31 increments in the Calibration byte would
26/42
27. The number of times pulses which
Figure 22., page
stage, as shown in
27). Therefore, the
Figure
o
C,
represent +10.7 or –5.35 seconds per month
which corresponds to a total range of +5.5 or –2.75
minutes per month.
Two methods are available for ascertaining how
much calibration a given M41ST87Y/W may re-
quire.
The first involves setting the clock, letting it run for
a month and comparing it to a known accurate ref-
erence and recording deviation over a fixed period
of time. Calibration values, including the number of
seconds lost or gained in a given period, can be
found in Application Note AN934, “TIMEKEEP-
ER
give the end user the ability to calibrate the clock
as the environment requires, even if the final prod-
uct is packaged in a non-user serviceable enclo-
sure. The designer could provide a simple utility
that accesses the Calibration byte.
The second approach is better suited to a manu-
facturing environment, and involves the use of the
SQW/FT pin. The pin will toggle at 512Hz, when
the Stop Bit (ST) is '0,' the Frequency Test Bit (FT)
is '1,' and SQWE is '0.'
Any deviation from 512Hz indicates the degree
and direction of oscillator frequency shift at the test
temperature.
512.010124Hz would indicate a +20 ppm oscillator
frequency error, requiring a –10 (XX001010) to be
loaded into the Calibration Byte for correction.
Note that setting or changing the Calibration Byte
does not affect the Frequency test output frequen-
cy.
If the SQWOD Bit = '1,' the SQW/FT pin is an open
drain output which requires a pull-up resistor to
V
recommended in order to control the rise time. The
FT Bit is cleared on power-down.
CC
®
for proper operation. A 500 to10k resistor is
CALIBRATION.” This allows the designer to
For
example,
a
reading
of