PIC18F2221-I/SS Microchip Technology, PIC18F2221-I/SS Datasheet - Page 64

• Manufacturer Part Number: PIC18F2221-I/SS
• Description: IC PIC MCU FLASH 2KX16 28SSOP
• Manufacturer: Microchip Technology
• Series: PIC® 18Fr

Specifications of PIC18F2221-I/SS

• Core Size: 8-Bit
• Program Memory Size: 4KB (2K x 16)
• Core Processor: PIC
• Speed: 40MHz
• Connectivity: I²C, SPI, UART/USART
• Peripherals: Brown-out Detect/Reset, HLVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number Of I /o: 25
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• Eeprom Size: 256 x 8
• Ram Size: 512 x 8
• Voltage - Supply (vcc/vdd): 4.2 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 10x10b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Package / Case: 28-SSOP
• Controller Family/series: PIC18
• No. Of I/o's: 25
• Eeprom Memory Size: 256Byte
• Ram Memory Size: 512Byte
• Cpu Speed: 40MHz
• No. Of Timers: 4
• Processor Series: PIC18F
• Core: PIC
• Data Bus Width: 8 bit
• Data Ram Size: 512 B
• Interface Type: EUSART, I2C, MSSP, SPI
• Maximum Clock Frequency: 40 MHz
• Number Of Programmable I/os: 25
• Number Of Timers: 4
• Maximum Operating Temperature: + 85 C
• Mounting Style: SMD/SMT
• 3rd Party Development Tools: 52715-96, 52716-328, 52717-734, 52712-325, EWPIC18
• Development Tools By Supplier: PG164130, DV164035, DV244005, DV164005, PG164120, ICE4000, ICE2000, DV164136
• Minimum Operating Temperature: - 40 C
• On-chip Adc: 10 bit, 10 Channel
• Package: 28SSOP
• Device Core: PIC
• Family Name: PIC18
• Maximum Speed: 40 MHz
• Operating Supply Voltage: 5 V
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant
• For Use With: AC164307 - MODULE SKT FOR PM3 28SSOP
• Lead Free Status / Rohs Status: Details

PIC18F2221/2321/4221/4321 FAMILY
6.2.3
The program memory is addressed in bytes. Instruc-
tions are stored as two bytes or four bytes in program
memory. The Least Significant Byte of an instruction
word is always stored in a program memory location
with an even address (LSb = 0). To maintain alignment
with instruction boundaries, the PC increments in steps
of 2 and the LSb will always read ‘0’ (see Section 6.1.1
“Program Counter”).
Figure 6-4 shows an example of how instruction words
are stored in the program memory.
FIGURE 6-4:
6.2.4
The standard PIC18 instruction set has four two-word
instructions: CALL, MOVFF, GOTO and LSFR. In all
cases, the second word of the instructions always has
‘1111’ as its four Most Significant bits; the other 12 bits
are literal data, usually a data memory address.
The use of ‘1111’ in the 4 MSbs of an instruction spec-
ifies a special form of NOP. If the instruction is executed
in proper sequence – immediately after the first word –
the data in the second word is accessed and used by
EXAMPLE 6-4:
DS39689F-page 64
CASE 1:
Object Code
CASE 2:
Object Code
0110 0110 0000 0000
1100 0001 0010 0011
1111 0100 0101 0110
0010 0100 0000 0000
0110 0110 0000 0000
1100 0001 0010 0011
1111 0100 0101 0110
0010 0100 0000 0000
INSTRUCTIONS IN PROGRAM
MEMORY
TWO-WORD INSTRUCTIONS
Instruction 1:
Instruction 2:
Instruction 3:
INSTRUCTIONS IN PROGRAM MEMORY
TWO-WORD INSTRUCTIONS
Program Memory
Byte Locations
MOVLW
GOTO
MOVFF
Source Code
TSTFSZ
Source Code
MOVFF
ADDWF
TSTFSZ
MOVFF
ADDWF
055h
0006h
123h, 456h
→
REG1
REG1, REG2 ; No, skip this word
REG3
REG1
REG1, REG2 ; Yes, execute this word
REG3
LSB = 1
; is RAM location 0?
; Execute this word as a NOP
; continue code
; is RAM location 0?
; 2nd word of instruction
; continue code
EFh
C1h
0Fh
F0h
F4h
program memory address embedded into the instruc-
The CALL and GOTO instructions have the absolute
tion. Since instructions are always stored on word
boundaries, the data contained in the instruction is a
word address. The word address is written to PC<20:1>,
which accesses the desired byte address in program
memory. Instruction #2 in Figure 6-4 shows how the
instruction GOTO
memory. Program branch instructions, which encode a
relative address offset, operate in the same manner. The
offset value stored in a branch instruction represents the
number of single-word instructions that the PC will be
offset by. Section 24.0 “Instruction Set Summary”
provides further details of the instruction set.
the instruction sequence. If the first word is skipped for
some reason and the second word is executed by itself,
a NOP is executed instead. This is necessary for cases
when the two-word instruction is preceded by a condi-
tional instruction that changes the PC. Example 6-4
shows how this works.
Note:
LSB = 0
55h
03h
00h
23h
56h
See Section 6.6 “PIC18 Instruction
Execution and the Extended Instruc-
tion Set” for information on two-word
instructions in the extended instruction set.
0006h is encoded in the program
Word Address
00000Ah
00000Ch
00000Eh
000000h
000002h
000004h
000006h
000008h
000010h
000012h
000014h
© 2009 Microchip Technology Inc.
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