PIC16F88-I/SO Microchip Technology Inc., PIC16F88-I/SO Datasheet - Page 151

• Manufacturer Part Number: PIC16F88-I/SO
• Description: 18 PIN, 7 KB FLASH, 368 RAM, 16 I/O
• Manufacturer: Microchip Technology Inc.

Specifications of PIC16F88-I/SO

• A/d Inputs: 7-Channel, 10-Bit
• Comparators: 2
• Cpu Speed: 5 MIPS
• Eeprom Memory: 256 Bytes
• Input Output: 16
• Interface: I2C/SPI/USART
• Memory Type: Flash
• Number Of Bits: 8
• Package Type: 18-pin SOIC
• Programmable Memory: 7K Bytes
• Ram Size: 368 Bytes
• Speed: 20 MHz
• Timers: 2-8-bit, 1-16-bit
• Voltage, Range: 2-5.5 V
• Lead Free Status / Rohs Status: RoHS Compliant part Electrostatic Device

16.0
The PIC16 instruction set is highly orthogonal and is
comprised of three basic categories:
• Byte-oriented operations
• Bit-oriented operations
• Literal and control operations
Each PIC16 instruction is a 14-bit word divided into an
opcode, which specifies the instruction type and one or
more operands, which further specify the operation of
the instruction. The formats for each of the categories
are presented in Figure 16-1, while the various opcode
fields are summarized in Table 16-1.
Table 16-2 lists the instructions recognized by the
MPASM
instruction is also available in the “PICmicro
MCU Family Reference Manual” (DS33023).
For byte-oriented instructions, ‘f’ represents a file
register designator and ‘d’ represents a destination
designator. The file register designator specifies which
file register is to be used by the instruction.
The destination designator specifies where the result of
the operation is to be placed. If ‘d’ is zero, the result is
placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is one, the result is placed
in the file register specified in the instruction.
For bit-oriented instructions, ‘b’ represents a bit field
designator, which selects the bit affected by the opera-
tion, while ‘f’ represents the address of the file in which
the bit is located.
For literal and control operations, ‘k’ represents an
eight or eleven-bit constant or literal value
One instruction cycle consists of four oscillator periods.
For an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, this gives a
normal instruction execution time of 1 s. All instruc-
tions are executed within a single instruction cycle,
unless a conditional test is true, or the program counter
is changed as a result of an instruction. When this
occurs, the execution takes two instruction cycles, with
the second cycle executed as a NOP.
All instruction examples use the format ‘0xhh’ to repre-
sent a hexadecimal number, where ‘h’ signifies a
hexadecimal digit.
16.1
Any instruction that specifies a file register as part of
the instruction performs a Read-Modify-Write (RMW)
operation. The register is read, the data is modified and
the result is stored according to either the instruction, or
the destination designator ‘d’. A read operation is
performed on a register even if the instruction writes to
that register.
 2005 Microchip Technology Inc.
Note:
TM
INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY
Read-Modify-Write Operations
assembler. A complete description of each
To maintain upward compatibility with
future PIC16F87/88 products, do not use
the OPTION and TRIS instructions.
®
Mid-Range
For example, a “CLRF PORTB” instruction will read
PORTB, clear all the data bits, then write the result
back to PORTB. This example would have the
unintended result that the condition that sets the RBIF
flag would be cleared.
TABLE 16-1:
FIGURE 16-1:
Field
f
W
b
k
x
d
PC
TO
PD
Byte-oriented file register operations
Bit-oriented file register operations
Literal and control operations
General
CALL and GOTO instructions only
13
13
13
13
Register file address (0x00 to 0x7F)
Working register (accumulator)
Bit address within an 8-bit file register
Literal field, constant data or label
Don't care location (= 0 or 1).
The assembler will generate code with x = 0.
It is the recommended form of use for
compatibility with all Microchip software tools.
Destination select; d = 0: store result in W,
d = 1: store result in file register f.
Default is d = 1.
Program Counter
Time-out bit
Power-Down bit
OPCODE
d = 0 for destination W
d = 1 for destination f
f = 7-bit file register address
b = 3-bit bit address
f = 7-bit file register address
k = 8-bit immediate value
k = 11-bit immediate value
OPCODE
OPCODE
OPCODE
11
OPCODE FIELD
DESCRIPTIONS
PIC16F87/88
10
10 9
GENERAL FORMAT FOR
INSTRUCTIONS
8
Description
b (BIT #)
7
d
8
6
7
7 6
k (literal)
DS30487C-page 149
f (FILE #)
k (literal)
f (FILE #)
0
0
0
0