ATmega168A Atmel Corporation, ATmega168A Datasheet - Page 285

• Manufacturer Part Number: ATmega168A
• Manufacturer: Atmel Corporation

Specifications of ATmega168A

• Flash (kbytes): 16 Kbytes
• Pin Count: 32
• Max. Operating Frequency: 20 MHz
• Cpu: 8-bit AVR
• # Of Touch Channels: 16
• Hardware Qtouch Acquisition: No
• Max I/o Pins: 23
• Ext Interrupts: 24
• Usb Speed: No
• Usb Interface: No
• Spi: 2
• Twi (i2c): 1
• Uart: 1
• Graphic Lcd: No
• Video Decoder: No
• Camera Interface: No
• Adc Channels: 8
• Adc Resolution (bits): 10
• Adc Speed (ksps): 15
• Analog Comparators: 1
• Resistive Touch Screen: No
• Temp. Sensor: Yes
• Crypto Engine: No
• Sram (kbytes): 1
• Eeprom (bytes): 512
• Self Program Memory: YES
• Dram Memory: No
• Nand Interface: No
• Picopower: No
• Temp. Range (deg C): -40 to 85
• I/o Supply Class: 1.8 to 5.5
• Operating Voltage (vcc): 1.8 to 5.5
• Fpu: No
• Mpu / Mmu: no / no
• Timers: 3
• Output Compare Channels: 6
• Input Capture Channels: 1
• Pwm Channels: 6
• 32khz Rtc: Yes
• Calibrated Rc Oscillator: Yes

27.7
27.8
8271D–AVR–05/11
Addressing the Flash During Self-Programming
Self-Programming the Flash
Note:
The Z-pointer is used to address the SPM commands.
Since the Flash is organized in pages (see
be treated as having two different sections. One section, consisting of the least significant bits, is
addressing the words within a page, while the most significant bits are addressing the pages.
This is1 shown in
addressed independently. Therefore it is of major importance that the Boot Loader software
addresses the same page in both the Page Erase and Page Write operation. Once a program-
ming operation is initiated, the address is latched and the Z-pointer can be used for other
operations.
The only SPM operation that does not use the Z-pointer is Setting the Boot Loader Lock bits.
The content of the Z-pointer is ignored and will have no effect on the operation. The LPM
instruction does also use the Z-pointer to store the address. Since this instruction addresses the
Flash byte-by-byte, also the LSB (bit Z0) of the Z-pointer is used.
Figure 27-3. Addressing the Flash During SPM
Note:
The program memory is updated in a page by page fashion. Before programming a page with
the data stored in the temporary page buffer, the page must be erased. The temporary page buf-
Bit
ZH (R31)
ZL (R30)
Z - REGISTER
1. “1” means unprogrammed, “0” means programmed
1. The different variables used in
PROGRAM MEMORY
BIT
PAGE
PROGRAM
COUNTER
15
Z15
15
Z7
7
Figure
PAGE ADDRESS
WITHIN THE FLASH
ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
ZPCMSB
PCMSB
Z14
14
Z6
6
27-3. Note that the Page Erase and Page Write operations are
PCPAGE
Z13
13
Z5
5
Figure 27-3
ZPAGEMSB
PAGEMSB
Table 28-11 on page
PCWORD
Z12
12
Z4
4
WORD ADDRESS
WITHIN A PAGE
(1)
are listed in
1
Z11
0
0
11
Z3
3
INSTRUCTION WORD
PAGE
Table 27-9 on page
Z10
10
Z2
2
302), the Program Counter can
Z9
Z1
9
1
PCWORD[PAGEMSB:0]:
00
01
02
PAGEEND
292.
Z8
Z0
8
0
285