ATMEGA16HVA-4CKU Atmel, ATMEGA16HVA-4CKU Datasheet - Page 30

• Manufacturer Part Number: ATMEGA16HVA-4CKU
• Description: MCU AVR 16K FLASH 4MHZ 36-LGA
• Manufacturer: Atmel
• Series: AVR® ATmegar

Specifications of ATMEGA16HVA-4CKU

• Core Processor: AVR
• Core Size: 8-Bit
• Speed: 4MHz
• Connectivity: SPI
• Peripherals: Brown-out Detect/Reset, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number Of I /o: 7
• Program Memory Size: 16KB (8K x 16)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• Eeprom Size: 256 x 8
• Ram Size: 512 x 8
• Voltage - Supply (vcc/vdd): 1.8 V ~ 9 V
• Data Converters: A/D 5x12b
• Oscillator Type: External
• Operating Temperature: -20°C ~ 85°C
• Package / Case: 36-LGA
• Processor Series: ATMEGA16x
• Core: AVR8
• Data Bus Width: 8 bit
• Data Ram Size: 512 B
• Interface Type: SPI
• Maximum Clock Frequency: 4 MHz
• Number Of Programmable I/os: 6
• Number Of Timers: 2
• Maximum Operating Temperature: + 85 C
• Mounting Style: SMD/SMT
• 3rd Party Development Tools: EWAVR, EWAVR-BL
• Development Tools By Supplier: ATAVRDRAGON, ATSTK500, ATSTK600, ATAVRISP2, ATAVRONEKIT, ATAVRSB200, ATAVRSB201
• Minimum Operating Temperature: - 20 C
• On-chip Adc: 12 bit, 5 Channel
• For Use With: ATSTK600 - DEV KIT FOR AVR/AVR32ATSTK500 - PROGRAMMER AVR STARTER KIT
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant

9.13
9.13.1
30
Register Description
ATmega8HVA/16HVA
FOSCCAL – Fast RC Oscillator Calibration Register
being enabled by the OSI module. Hence, the calibration algorithm may use the time between
the first and second osi_posedge as time reference for calculations.
Another usage of OSI is determining the ULP frequency accurately. The ULP frequency at T
and the ULP temperature coefficient are stored in the signature row, allowing the ULP frequency
to be calculated directly. However, the ULP frequency is less predictable over temperature than
the Slow RC oscillator frequency, therefore a more accurate result can be obtained by calculat-
ing the ratio between the Slow RC and ULP oscillators. This is done by sampling both the ULP
and Slow RC oscillators and comparing the results. When the ratio is known, the actual ULP fre-
quency can be determined with high accuracy. The ULP RC clock period as a function of the
Slow RC clock period is given by:
where n is the number of prescaled ULP RC and Slow RC periods that is used in the measure-
ment. Using more prescaled ULP RC and Slow RC periods decreases the measurement error,
but increases the time consumed for calibration. Note that the FOSCCAL register must be kept
at a constant value during this operation to ensure accurate results.
These clock period calculations should be performed again when there is a significant change in
die temperature since the previous calculation. The die temperature can be found using the Volt-
age ADC, refer to section
on page 112
• Bits 7:0 – FCAL7:0: Fast RC Oscillator Calibration Value
The Fast RC Oscillator Calibration Register is used to trim the Fast RC Oscillator to remove pro-
cess variations from the oscillator frequency. The factory-calibrated value is automatically
written to this register during chip reset, giving an oscillator frequency of 8.0 MHz at 70°C. The
application software can write this register to change the oscillator frequency. The oscillator can
be run-time calibrated to any frequency in the range 7.3-8.1 MHz. Calibration outside that range
is not guaranteed.
Note that this oscillator is used to time EEPROM and Flash write accesses, and these write
times will be affected accordingly. If the EEPROM or Flash are written, do not calibrate to more
than 8.1 MHz. Otherwise, the EEPROM or Flash write may fail.
The FCAL[7:5] bits determine the range of operation for the oscillator. Setting these bits to
0b000 gives the lowest frequency range, setting this bit to 0b111 gives the highest frequency
range. The frequency ranges are overlapping. A setting of for instance FOSCCAL = 0x1F gives
a higher frequency than FOSCCAL = 0x20.
Bit
(0x66)
Read/Write
Initial Value
for details.
FCAL7
T
R/W
ULPRC
7
=
FCAL6
T
R/W
SlowRC
6
”Voltage ADC – 5-channel General Purpose 12-bit Sigma-Delta ADC”
⋅
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -
number of CPU cycles in n prescaled Slow RC periods
number of CPU cycles in n prescaled ULP RC periods
FCAL5
R/W
5
Device Specific Calibration Value
FCAL4
R/W
4
FCAL3
R/W
3
FCAL2
R/W
2
FCAL1
R/W
1
FCAL0
R/W
0
8024A–AVR–04/08
FOSCCAL
HOT